Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री बेनथोपिलाजिक; गहराई सीमा 100 - 770 m (Ref. 7412), usually 360 - 540 m (Ref. 7412). Deep-water
Eastern Atlantic: Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands, Cape Verde and St. Helena Islands. Western Atlantic: West Indies, Saba Bank, Leeward Islands, off northern coast of Cuba and west of the Bahamas. Reported to occur in the northern coast of South America (Ref. 5217).
Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm 26.0, range 20 - ? cm
Max length : 48.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 5217); common length : 30.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 7412); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 14 वर्षो (Ref. 88061)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 5; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 34 - 37; गुदा कांटा: 4; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 15 - 16; जानवरों की रीड़ का जोड़: 29. Dark brownish grey in color, silvery below; black blotch on distal part of anterior dorsal rays (Ref. 6624). Snout blunt, rounded, adipose. Hyoid barbels present (Ref. 37108).
Found on semi-hard and soft bottoms on the continental shelf and slope. Marketed fresh and frozen.
Life cycle and mating behavior
परिपक्व अवधि | पुनरुत्पत्ति | मछलीऔ का अंडे देना | अंडे | Fecundity | लार्वा
Hureau, J.-C., 1990. Polymixiidae. p. 625. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7412)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य
साधन
Special reports
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.4 - 15.3, mean 11.4 °C (based on 187 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5029 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.00911 - 0.01586), b=3.04 (2.96 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (Assuming tm=2-4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.7 [17.0, 62.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.479 [0.233, 0.908] mg/100g; Protein = 16.9 [15.8, 18.0] %; Omega3 = 0.322 [0.169, 0.635] g/100g; Selenium = 20.1 [8.9, 44.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.4 [3.7, 73.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.337 [0.227, 0.497] mg/100g (wet weight);
