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Zeiformes (Dories) >
Oreosomatidae (Oreos) > Pseudocyttinae
Etymology: Pseudocyttus: Greek, pseudes = false + Greek, kyttaros, kytos = a convex cavity.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي موجوداتی که در اعماق زیر 200 متر زندگی و تغذیه می کنند; اقیانوس رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 400 - 1500 m (Ref. 5194), usually 900 - 1100 m (Ref. 36731). Deep-water; 34°S - 67°S, 90°W - 176°W (Ref. 27159)
Southwest Atlantic: off Uruguay to Argentina and the Falklands. Southeast Atlantic: Namibia to South Africa, including the northern part of Walvis Ridge (Ref. 6545). South Pacific: off southern Chile, Bellingshausen and Australian-Antarctic Basin to New Zealand, New South Wales and Tasmania, Australia and the Kerguelen Islands.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 40.0 range ? - 41 cm
Max length : 68.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 58312); common length : 40.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 9258); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 5.0 kg (Ref. 6390); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 100 سال ها (Ref. 27140)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 5 - 7; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 33 - 36; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 2 - 3; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 31 - 34; مهره ها: 40 - 43. First dorsal spine longer than second dorsal spine. Opercles fully scaled (Ref. 27159).
Female adult chocolate brown in color with darker fins; prejuveniles silvery with numerous dark spots of various sizes which become larger with age (Ref. 6548).
Inhabit continental slopes of all southern continents (Ref. 6545). Adults found near the bottom; juveniles near the surface, usually in association with krill (Ref. 5194). Feed mainly on salps (Ref. 27150). Eggs float near the sea surface and larvae also inhabit surface waters (Ref. 6390). There is no vertical migration during the day or night (Ref. 27150).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Displays seasonally synchronised reproduction (Ref. 6390).
Heemstra, P.C., 1990. Oreosomatidae. p. 226-228. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 5194)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.1 - 6.1, mean 4.2 °C (based on 189 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00813 - 0.04898), b=2.99 (2.77 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.47 se; based on food items.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): خیلی آهسته, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت بيش از 14 سال (K=0.07; tmax=100; tm=31; Fec=6,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.2 [8.5, 36.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.416 [0.153, 0.905] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [14.6, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.332 [0.167, 0.702] g/100g; Selenium = 24.3 [9.3, 71.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.1 [1.8, 67.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.335 [0.207, 0.526] mg/100g (wet weight);
