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Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Gempylidae (Snake mackerels)
Etymology: Paradiplospinus: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, diploos = double + Latin, spina, pinna = thron (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut batidemersal; kisaran kedalaman 368 - 626 m (Ref. 6181). Deep-water; 16°S - 30°S, 3°E - 15°E (Ref. 6181)
Southeast Atlantic: known only from off Namibia and western South Africa.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 52.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 27121)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 35 - 38; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 26 - 30; Duri dubur: 2; Sirip dubur lunak: 24 - 29; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 60 - 64. Body is extremely elongate. Mouth is large and with fang-like teeth. Eyes large. Pyloric caeca 6. Color of body and fins brownish black.
Occurs in the upper continental slope (Ref. 6181). Juveniles probably pelagic (probably mesopelagic) (Ref. 6181). Specimens 35 to 40 cm SL had ripe gonads (Ref. 6181).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 6.2 - 7.9, mean 7 °C (based on 8 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00102 (0.00046 - 0.00225), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (45 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 28.5 [13.6, 68.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.46 [0.18, 1.05] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [15.0, 19.1] %; Omega3 = 0.275 [0.144, 0.534] g/100g; Selenium = 19.2 [8.0, 42.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.6 [3.1, 68.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.308 [0.206, 0.462] mg/100g (wet weight);
