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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Eponymy: Colonel Marshall ‘Marsh’ McDonald (1836–1895) was an American naturalist and ichthyologist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Gilbert.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; نطاق العمق 10 - ? m. Subtropical; 32°N - 17°N
Eastern Central Pacific: Gulf of California. Formerly abundant, now threatened by extinction due to fishing and habitat change (Ref. 27438).
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9118); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 100.0 kg (Ref. 32717); العمر: 24 سنين (Ref. 32373)
Found in coastal waters; juveniles in river mouths and near rocky coasts (Ref. 9118). Feed on fishes and shrimps (Ref. 9118).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Chao, L.N., 1995. Sciaenidae. Corvinas, barbiches, bombaches, corvinatas, corvinetas, corvinillas, lambes, pescadillas, roncachos, verrugatos. p. 1427-1518. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para identificacion de especies para los fines de la pesca. Pacifico Centro-oriental. 3 volumes. 1813 p. (Ref. 9118)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; لعبة سمكه: نعم
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.8 - 26.7, mean 22.5 °C (based on 24 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00415 - 0.01744), b=3.08 (2.91 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.70 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (K=0.3; tm=7; tmax=15).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (94 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 25.1 [13.8, 50.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.624 [0.304, 1.125] mg/100g; Protein = 19.9 [18.8, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.305 [0.168, 0.523] g/100g; Selenium = 42.1 [22.0, 85.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.63 [2.09, 23.22] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.526 [0.362, 0.795] mg/100g (wet weight);
