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Aulopiformes (Grinners) >
Anotopteridae (Daggertooth)
Etymology: Anotopterus: Greek, a = without + Greek, noton = back + Greek, pteron = fin (Ref. 45335); nikparini: Named for Nikolai V. Parin.
Eponymy: Professor Dr Nikolai Vasilyevich Parin (1932–2012). (see Parin, also see Nik) (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي ناحیه ای از منطقه اقیانوسی با عمق بین 1000 تا 4000 متر. موجوداتی که در آبهای آزاد بین اعماق 1000 تا 4000 متر زندگی و تغذیه می کنند; تغييرات عمق 0 - 2750 m (Ref. 31260), usually 0 - 700 m (Ref. 31260). Temperate
North Pacific: Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska; south in Pacific waters to about 25°N, south of Baja California and Japan.
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 146 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 6885); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 1.7 kg (Ref. 6885)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 0; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 14 - 17; مهره ها: 78 - 80. Dark brownish, silvery ventrally; paired fins and caudal fin uniformly black. Body extremely elongate. Large adults with a pair of dermal keels midlaterally on each side. Small, flexible projection at tip of lower jaw. Gill membranes joined forward, below anterior edge of eye, and free from isthmus. No rayed dorsal fin. No scales (Ref. 43939). In adults, head depth 29-33% of lower jaw length. Postorbital area 8.1-9.7% SL or 34.4-38.8% (less than 3 times smaller than HL). Rear edge of gill cover overlaps with the vertical of the 5th vertebrae. Postadipose distance 7-8% SL (Ref. 31260).
Found in a wide range of depths, sometimes near surface (Ref. 2850) to below 2,000 m. Larger adults inhabit colder water toward the poles, whereas, the young and smaller adults inhabit more temperate regions (Ref. 35956). Feed on mollusks, crustaceans, marine worms, coelenterates, salps, and fishes (Ref. 4525, 6885). Its distensible body wall and large stomach can accommodate prey up to half of its own length. Oviparous, with planktonic larvae (Ref. 35956). Preyed upon by albacore, Pacific lancetfish, halibut, steelhead salmon, blue shark, pomfret, and whales (Ref. 6885).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Kukuev, E.I., 1998. Systematics and distribution in the world ocean of daggertooth fishes of the genus Anotopterus (Anotopteridae, Aulopiformes). J. Ichthyol. 38(9):716-729. (Ref. 31260)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.4 - 15.3, mean 5.7 °C (based on 3019 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00102 (0.00046 - 0.00225), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (K=0.5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (88 of 100).
