You can sponsor this page

Mustelus antarcticus Günther, 1870

Gummy shark
مشاهدات خود را اضافه کنيد در Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Mustelus antarcticus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
را بارگذاری کني تصاوير و فيلم ها
Pictures | تصوير گوگل
Image of Mustelus antarcticus (Gummy shark)
Mustelus antarcticus
Picture by Duffy, C.

رده بندی / Names اسامي عام | مترادف | Catalog of Fishes(جنس, گونه ها) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

(كوسه ها و سپرماهيان) (sharks and rays) > Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) > Triakidae (Houndsharks) > Triakinae
Etymology: Mustelus: Latin for weasel, an ancient name for sharks, possibly referring to the pointed snouts, swift movements and/or rapacious feeding behavior of smaller predatory sharks [strictly not tautonymous with Squalus mustelus Linnaeus 1758 since type was designated by the ICZN]. (See ETYFish);  antarcticus: Latin for southern, referring to its distribution in the southern Pacific around Australia. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Günther.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range بوم شناسي

دريايي نزديك كف زي; اقیانوس رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 0 - 403 m (Ref. 76951), usually ? - 80 m (Ref. 6871). Temperate; 28°S - 44°S

پراكنش كشورها | مناطق سازمان خوار و بار جهاني (FAO) | Ecosystems | ظهور | Point map | معرفي | Faunafri

Eastern Indian Ocean: endemic to southern Australia, from Western Australia through Bass Strait to Tasmania and northern New South Wales. Possibly extends northward to southern Queensland and Shark Bay in Western Australia. Confused with another undescribed species whose southern distribution extends to Dampier (20°40'S) (possibly Shark Bay) in the west and Bowen (20°S) (possibly Coffs Harbor) in the east. There is a single stock of gummy sharks in the area, however, regional stock differences might still exist.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن

Maturity: Lm 119.5, range 85 - 130 cm
Max length : 157 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 244); 175.0 cm TL (female); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 30.8 kg (Ref. 40637); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 16 سال ها (Ref. 6390)

زيست شناسي     واژه نامه (بعنوان مثال epibenthic)

An inshore and offshore shark found from intertidal waters (Ref. 13563) to a depth of 350 m. Feeds on crustaceans, marine worms and small fishes (Ref. 13563), also cephalopods. Forms schools by sex and size . Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Newborn and juvenile gummy sharks are found in many areas across southern Australia, but no well-defined nursery areas have been identified. These sharks are capable of long migrations, females traveling longer distances than males (Ref. 6390). Utilized fresh for human consumption (Ref. 6871). Maximum length data for female species is taken from Ref. 6390.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | تولید مثل | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | توزاد ( لارو)

Ovoviviparous but aplacental, with 1 to 38 pups. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Gestation period ranges from 11-12 months. Newborn and juvenile gummy sharks aggregate in many areas across southern Australia but it is not known whether they inhabit defined shallow-water nursery areas. Ovulation takes place in Oct.-Dec. or Nov.- Feb. (WA). Parturition is complete by the following Dec. (Ref. 6390). The sharks are born at 30-35 cm (Ref. 6871).

مآخذ اصلی Upload your references | مراجع | هماهنگ كننده : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | همكاران

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)

وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  حداقل نگرانی (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 April 2015

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

خطر برای انسان ها

  Harmless (Ref. 13563)





استفاده انسانی

ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

اطلاعات بيشتر

Trophic ecology
اقلام غذايي
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
شکارچیان
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
نوسانات طولی
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
تولید مثل
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
توزاد ( لارو)
پويايي لاروي
Anatomy
Gill areas
مغزها
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Swimming type
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
صداهاي ماهي ها
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
ژنتيك
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
نمايه هاي آبزي پروري
نژادها
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
همكاران
References
مراجع

ابزارها

گزارش های ويژه

بارگيری XML

منابع اينترنتي

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | فيش واچر را ببينيد | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: جنس, گونه ها | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: ژنوم, نوکلئوتيد | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: برو, جستجو | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 14.1 - 19.8, mean 16 °C (based on 126 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00224 (0.00105 - 0.00478), b=3.14 (2.97 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.5   ±0.59 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 8.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref. 120179):  پايين ، كم, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 5/4 – 14 سال (K=0.04-0.30; tm=4-6.9; tmax=16; Fec=1-38).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100).
طبقه قيمت (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 7.05 [2.38, 34.51] mg/100g; Iron = 0.171 [0.058, 0.673] mg/100g; Protein = 21.5 [19.0, 23.8] %; Omega3 = 0.252 [0.110, 0.600] g/100g; Selenium = 21.8 [6.6, 69.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.7 [3.5, 34.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.316 [0.145, 0.644] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.