分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - 70 m (Ref. 106604), usually 5 - 30 m (Ref. 43278). 熱帶; 36°N - 27°S, 32°E - 136°W
Indo-Pacific: Persian Gulf (Ref.80050), Red Sea and East Africa to the Tuamoto Islands, north to southern Japan, south to Australia.
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到 Tuamoto 島, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 230 - ? cm
Max length : 320 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 247); common length : 250 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. )
简单描述
检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0. This large, bulky nurse shark is distinguished by the following features: side of body without lateral ridges; precaudal tail shorter than trunk; spiracles much smaller than eyes; nostrils close to front of snout, with short barbels and nasoral grooves connecting them with the mouth but without circumnarial grooves and folds; snout wedge-shaped in lateral view; two dorsal fins, both with angular apices, the origin of the first about over the pelvic-fin origins and its insertion slightly behind the pelvic-fin insertions; second dorsal fin slightly smaller than first; caudal fin about 1/3 of total length, strongly asymmetrical. Colour tan dorsally, paler ventrally and fins slightly dusky (Ref. 9999, 90102).
一位庞大笨重的护士鲨鱼有一个小的嘴与小的像头梳一样的齿, 与和有角的鳍.(参考文献 5578) 尾鳍比较短的, 远小于一半的体长; 没有在身体的侧边上的脊; 胸鳍镰刀状的.(参考文献 6871) 背部褐色的, 腹侧灰白的;(参考文献 391) 鳍些微暗色.(参考文献 9999) 呼吸孔远小于眼.(参考文献 9999)
Found on continental and insular shelves, from the intertidal down to at least 70 m (Ref. 247). Occurs on or near the bottom in lagoons or along the outer edges of coral and rocky reefs, sandy areas near reefs and off sandy beaches (Ref. 247, 43278). Primarily nocturnal, but may be active during the day (Ref. 247). Prefers crevices and caves on reefs but may be found hiding in more exposed areas (Ref. 247). Forms resting aggregations, and often seen piled across or on top of one another (Ref. 247). Feeds on a wide variety of bottom invertebrates, small fishes (Ref. 247), including cephalopods, crustaceans and sea urchins (Ref. 37816), corals (Ref. 68964). Docile and known to allow itself to be touched, but a few non-fatal attacks have been recorded (Ref. 247). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 43278). 4 or more young are born per litter (Ref. 37816). Survives in captivity (Ref. 247). Marketed fresh and dried-salted; fins dried for the oriental sharkfin trade; liver processed for vitamins and oil; offal processed for fishmeal; hide potentially valuable for leather (Ref. 247).
栖息于大陆架与岛屿棚了, 从潮间带向下至至少 70 公尺.(参考文献 247) 栖息于靠近泻湖的底部或者沿着珊瑚礁与岩礁，礁区附近的沙地与沙滩外的外缘。 (参考文献 247) 主要夜行, 但是可能是活跃的在白天期间.(参考文献 247) 偏爱礁上之裂缝凹陷处但是可能被发现在比较裸露的区域中藏.(参考文献 247) 形成休息群集, 与时常见到彼此叠在顶端.(参考文献 247) 吃各式各样的底栖无脊椎动物，小鱼 (参考文献 247), 包括头足类动物，甲壳动物与海胆。 (参考文献 37816) 可驯服的而且知道允许它本身当接触, 但是一些非致命的攻击曾经记录。 (参考文献 247) 4个或更多幼鱼出生每胎。 (参考文献 37816) 存活于繁殖场.(参考文献 247) 在市场上销售了生鲜或乾渍了; 鳍乾燥以供东方的鱼翅贸易了; 肝脏加工成维他命与油了; 碎肉加工成鱼粉了; 隐藏着制作成皮革的可能价值.(参考文献 247)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Ovoviviparous, with number of young at least four per uterus (Ref. 247); gives birth to litters of at about 8 pups (Ref.58048). Described as an oviparous or post-oviparous shark that retains the egg-cases until they hatch and the young are born. Size at birth 40 cm (TL, Ref.58048) to 60 cm (Ref. 9999). Also Ref. 205.印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到 Tuamoto 島, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲。
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.7 - 29, mean 28 °C (based on 1466 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00417 (0.00157 - 0.01105), b=3.08 (2.85 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (Fec=4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 7.35 [1.66, 30.19] mg/100g; Iron = 0.365 [0.085, 1.034] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [17.5, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.0735 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 43 [12, 125] μg/100g; VitaminA = 34.8 [12.7, 93.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.538 [0.259, 1.091] mg/100g (wet weight);
