Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; nir-ruaya; kisaran kedalaman 1 - 25 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 35°N - 30°S, 30°E - 125°W
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Samoan and Phoenix Islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia; throughout Micronesia.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 9710); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 13 Tahun (Ref. 3420)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 15; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 15 - 17; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 17 - 18.
Inhabits lagoon, channel, or protected seaward reef slopes, drop offs, coral and rubble areas (Ref. 1602). Usually in pairs or in small groups. Feeds on algae, small crustaceans and worms. Darts from one hiding place to the next. Commonly exported through the aquarium trade (Ref. 48391).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Pelagic spawner. Sex reversal is completed in 18-20 days (Ref. 34185, 34248). Also Ref. 103751.
Steene, R.C., 1978. Butterfly and angelfishes of the world. A.H. & A.W. Reed Pty Ltd., Australia. vol. 1. 144 p. (Ref. 4859)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: perikanan swasembada; Akuarium: Komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 3298 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03090 (0.01378 - 0.06932), b=2.88 (2.69 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.34 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 0.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (tmax=13).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 121 [63, 185] mg/100g; Iron = 0.93 [0.55, 1.53] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.3, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.111 [0.066, 0.187] g/100g; Selenium = 33.8 [18.4, 64.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 43.5 [12.3, 148.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.69 [1.14, 2.46] mg/100g (wet weight);
