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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Eponymy: Dr Tomio Iwamoto (d: 1939) is Curator Emeritus, Ichthyology at the Institute for Biodiversity Science and Sustainability at California Academy of Sciences. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) βενθικό(ς); εύρος βάθους 37 - 184 m (Ref. 3814). Tropical; 37°N - 34°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: North Carolina in USA to Brazil.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 19.0 cm NG αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 5515)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 19 - 21; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 33 - 40; Εδρικές άκανθες: 2; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 7 - 8; Σπόνδυλοι: 25. The head of juveniles and young adults may have a large dark wedge-like spot above and behind orbits; black peritoneum; branchial cavity with black lining. Slender caudal peduncle. Head with ground color; irregular dark blotch on operculum. Body tan to dark brownish black. The dark band and stripe become less distinct in bigger specimens. Fins dark-colored (generally black).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.7 - 27.1, mean 23.5 °C (based on 113 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00415 - 0.01744), b=3.08 (2.91 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.58 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).