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Lepidosiren paradoxa Fitzinger, 1837

South American lungfish
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Lepidosiren paradoxa
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分類 / Names 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Ceratodontiformes (Australian lungfishes) > Lepidosirenidae (Aestivating lungfishes)
Etymology: Lepidosiren: Greek, lepis = scale + Greek, seiren = a mythological serpent, 1520 (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態学

; 新鮮な水 底生の. Subtropical; 24°C - 28°C (Ref. 2060); 5°N - 35°S

分布 国々 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | Point map | 導入 | Faunafri

South America: Amazon, Paraguay and lower Paraná River basins.

サイズ / 重さ / 年齢

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 125 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 36887); 最大記録サイズ: 8 年 (Ref. 274)

生物学     用語集 (例 epibenthic)

Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Prefers stagnant waters where there is little current. Juveniles feed on larval insects and snails. Adults are omnivorous and feed on aquatic vertebrates, invertebrates such as snails, clams and shrimp, and algae (Ref. 36739). Can survive low oxygen levels in its habitat by means of its very reduced branchial apparatus. It possesses two lungs without bronchial tubes. During the dry period, this species burrows into the mud, to a depth of about 30-50 cm, and seals off the entrance with clay, leaving out 2-3 holes for aeration. It reduces its metabolism during this period of hibernation. The fish are obligate air-breathers and will drown if denied access to the surface (Ref. 36739). During the rainy season, reproduction begins. The parents gather vegetal debris in a burrow (about 1.5 m long) to create a nest. During reproduction, males guard the young. These males can increase the oxygen level in the burrow because during breading season the pelvic fins develop highly vascularized, gill-like, feathery structures which perform a function opposite to those of gills: they releases oxygen from the blood and take in carbon dioxide; the filaments disappear after the end of the breeding season (Ref. 12225, 36739). The young look like amphibian tadpoles with four external gills. During the first weeks of their life they breath only through the external gills; at an age of 7 weeks they become air-breathing and regression of the external gills begins (Ref. 27188, 36739).

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | | 生産力 | 幼生

Spawning occurs during the wet season. Adult males guard and aerate the hachlings and young temporarily. Adult males develop vascular filaments on their paired fins which function either as auxillary to respiration so that they can breathe air without leaving the nest or the fin filaments permit the emission of aerially obtained oxygen in to the nest water, causing the oxygenation of the water surrounding the eggs (Ref. 111170). The function of the filaments is much debatable as of the present.

主な参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | コーディネーター | 協力者

Arratia, G., 2003. Lepidosirenidae (aestivating lungfishes). p. 671-672. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36887)

IUCNのレッドリストの状況は (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

  軽度懸念 (LC) ; Date assessed: 21 October 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

人間に対する脅威

  Harmless





Human uses

水産業: 食糧水産
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
食品種目概要について
餌の構成
摂食量
Food rations
捕食動物
Ecology
生態学
Population dynamics
成長のパラメーター
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体長組成
Mass conversion
補充
豊度
Life cycle
繁殖
成熟
Maturity/Gills rel.
生産力
放精
Spawning aggregations

卵の開発
幼生
幼生の動力
Anatomy
カマ
Brain
Otolith
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
酸素消費
水泳形態
泳ぐ速さ
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Toxicity (LC50s)
Genetics
遺伝子の
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インターネットの情報源

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 1.5352   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (Ref. 69278):  3.1   ±0.46 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  非常に低い, 14年以上の倍増期間の最小個体群 (tmax > 22; Fec = 22).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
価格帯 (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.