Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut batipelagis; oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 244 - 1948 m (Ref. 27311). Deep-water; 46°N - 52°S, 180°W - 180°E
Western Atlantic: 20°N to Brazil including the Gulf of Mexico, with expatriates in the slope water region. Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania to South Africa (Agulhas water pockets). Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951). Indo-Pacific: north and south equatorial currents and equatorial countercurrents, and in the east Australian and Agulhas currents. Also in the Eastern Central Pacific (Ref. 9325). Larvae found in Taiwan Strait (Ref. 43570). South China Sea and East China Sea (Ref.74511).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?, range 7 - ? cm
Max length : 8.5 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5951)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 12 - 14; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 17 - 20. Anal organs 13-14; males bear 5 luminous scales in supracaudal gland, females has 1-4 scales in infracaudal gland (Ref. 39633).
Neustonic to mesopelagic (Ref. 58302). High-oceanic, nyctoepipelagic at the surface and down to 125 m. Found between 425-750 m during the day. Sexually mature from about 65 mm (Ref. 4479). Proximate analysis (excluding head) reveals that lipid content is 2.0 % in fresh body weight and wax ester is 17.2 % in total lipids (Ref. 9193).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Hulley, P.A., 1990. Myctophidae. p. 398-467. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI; Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4479)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.9 - 10.4, mean 6.6 °C (based on 1525 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00544 - 0.01839), b=3.25 (3.09 - 3.41), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.38 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
