Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; sötvatten; brackvatten bentopelagisk; flodvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 5 - ? m (Ref. 4832). Subtropical; 18°C - 28°C (Ref. 12468); 34°N - 19°S
Asia: Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Myanmar. Introduced elsewhere.
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 182 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 41236); publicerad maxvikt: 38.6 kg (Ref. 72380)
Short description
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 17; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 7 - 8. Body deep, with depth 2.5 to 3 times in standard length (Ref. 4832). Has a large, upturned mouth (Ref. 3264), with a prominent protruding lower jaw (Ref. 4832). Pectoral fins long, extending to pelvic fins; scales conspicuously large (Ref. 4832).
Adults occur in rivers, lakes and culture ponds (Ref. 41236). Mature individuals breed in rivers (Ref. 4832). Surface and mid-water feeders, mainly omnivorous with juveniles feeding on aquatic and terrestrial insects, detritus and phytoplankton.
Menon, A.G.K., 1999. Check list - fresh water fishes of India. Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Misc. Publ., Occas. Pap. No. 175, 366 p. (Ref. 41236)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiellt viktig; Vattenbruk: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja
Verktyg
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00818 - 0.01115), b=3.06 (3.02 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.22 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.28; tm=3-5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 186 [82, 309] mg/100g; Iron = 0.937 [0.464, 1.633] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [16.2, 18.2] %; Omega3 = 0.41 [0.20, 0.85] g/100g; Selenium = 132 [63, 298] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.54 [1.84, 11.88] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.25 [0.68, 1.75] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.