Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; المياه العذبة; مياه مخلوطة القاع; مهاجرة بين الياه الملحه و الحلوة لكن ليس للتزاوج (Ref. 51243). Subtropical; 34°S - 47°S
Southwest Pacific: endemic to New Zealand.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 245)
Amphidromous. Occurs in rivers, but young are found from the sea.
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
McDowall, R.M., 1990. Freshwater fishes and fisheries of New Zealand -The angler's el dorado. Aquat. Sci. 2(2):281-341. (Ref. 11115)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
استخدامات بشرية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).