分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Scorpaenoidei (Scorpionfishes)
鮋形目 (Scorpionfishes) >
Sebastidae (Rockfishes, rockcods and thornyheads)
Sebastidae (Rockfishes, rockcods and thornyheads) > Sebastinae
Etymology: Sebastes: Greek, sebastes = august, venerable (Ref. 45335); melanops: From the Greek melas and ops meaning 'black' and 'face' (Ref. 27436).
More on author: Girard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 366 m (Ref. 6885), usually 183 - 274 m (Ref. 6885). 溫帶; 7°C - 9°C (Ref. 131065); 62°N - 22°N, 170°E - 110°W
Eastern Pacific: Amchitka Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska to Paradise Cove, Baja California, Mexico.
東太平洋: Amchitka 島，阿留申群島，阿拉斯加到天堂小海灣，墨西哥的下加利福尼亞。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 40.3, range 30 - 42 cm
Max length : 63.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 27437); 最大體重: 4.8 kg (Ref. 2850); 最大年齡: 50 年 (Ref. 39247)
背棘 (總數) : 13 - 14; 背的軟條 (總數) : 13 - 16; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 7 - 9; 脊椎骨: 26. Head spines weak to very weak - nasals present, preocular and postocular spines usually absent, supraocular, tympanic, coronal, parietal and nuchal spines absent (Ref. 27437). Symphyseal knob very weak or absent (Ref. 27437). Eyes moderately large (Ref. 27437). Anal fin profile rounded or with greater portion slanted posteriorly (Ref. 27437). Posterior margin of caudal fin indented (Ref. 27437). Dark grey to black with light grey mottling dorsally, lighter ventrally (Ref. 27437). Branchiostegal rays: 7 (Ref. 36715).
頭部棘弱的到非常弱的 - 鼻骨呈現, preocular 與眶後的棘通常不存在﹐眶上的﹐和鼓皮似的,冠, 腔壁而頸背的棘不存在.(參考文獻 27437) 合生的癤瘤非常弱的或不存在.(參考文獻 27437) 眼普通大的.(參考文獻 27437) 臀鰭輪廓在後部地圓的或者具有較大的部分傾斜的。 (參考文獻 27437) 尾鰭後緣切割成鋸齒狀。 (參考文獻 27437) 深灰色的背面黑色的有淡灰色的雜斑, 腹部顏色較淡.(參考文獻 27437) 鰓條骨: 7.(參考文獻 36715)
Found near rocky reefs in shallow water and in open water over deep banks (Ref. 2850). Adults live both off and on bottom (Ref. 2850). Juveniles are pelagic (Ref. 36715). Form schools (Ref. 2850). Feed on fishes (Ref. 27302). Viviparous, with planktonic larvae (Ref. 36715). Young are important prey species for other fishes, marine mammals and birds. Excellent food fish (Ref. 27436).
在淺水區中發現於靠近岩礁了與在開放的水域中遍及深的淺堆.(參考文獻 2850) 成魚生活外海的與在底部上.(參考文獻 2850) 稚魚是大洋性的。 (參考文獻 36715) 形成魚群。 (參考文獻 2850) 捕食魚。 (參考文獻 27302) 胎生的, 仔魚為浮游性.(參考文獻 36715) 幼魚是其他的魚, 海洋的哺乳動物與鳥的重要獵物種。 優良的食用魚.(參考文獻 27436)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Viviparous (Ref. 36715, 34817).東太平洋: Amchitka 島，阿留申群島，阿拉斯加到天堂小海灣，墨西哥的下加利福尼亞。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 3.8 - 7.8, mean 5.5 °C (based on 52 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00495 - 0.02022), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (tm=7.5; K=0.14; tmax=50).
Prior r = 0.18, 95% CL = 0.12 - 0.27, Based on 5 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 6.07 [2.24, 17.66] mg/100g; Iron = 0.114 [0.045, 0.266] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.8, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.774 [0.291, 2.159] g/100g; Selenium = 25.3 [9.1, 74.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 96.4 [29.4, 326.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.322 [0.164, 0.589] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
