Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской демерсальный. Subtropical; 9°S - 37°S
Southwest Atlantic: southern Brazil to southern Argentina.
Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. ); common length : 40.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 6077)
Краткое описание
определительные ключи | морфология | морфометрия
колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 5 - 6; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 33; колючие лучи анального плавника: 3; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 33 - 41; позвонки: 27. First dorsal fin composed of several short spines preceded by an anteriorly directed spine usually completely embedded under skin. Two detached anal spines anterior to soft anal fin. Lateral line curved and undulated, with more or less 10 branches anteriorly and fairly straight posteriorly (Ref. 27363). A black patch on the opercle is a conspicuous character of this species, thus the name signata (Ref. 3157).
Maximum length assumed to be 1.5 * 40 = 60 cm TL (RF).
Life cycle and mating behavior
половая зрелость | размножение | нерест | икра | Fecundity | личинки
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
рыболовство: не имеет хозяйственного значения
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
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ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.3 - 22, mean 19.3 °C (based on 75 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00464 - 0.02154), b=2.94 (2.76 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (Assuming tm>=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 82.5 [51.3, 199.0] mg/100g; Iron = 1.55 [0.91, 3.06] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [17.7, 21.2] %; Omega3 = 0.37 [0.24, 0.61] g/100g; Selenium = 32.6 [17.9, 64.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.1 [3.9, 34.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.637 [0.443, 0.914] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.