分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangiformes (Jacks)
鱸形目 (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos)
鰺科 (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Roy A Latham (1881–1979) of Orient, Long Island, New York, USA, was a farmer and amateur self-eductaed naturalist who collected from a very early age and continued into his late nineties! Over the years he filled the two floors and multiple rooms of [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Nichols.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 30 - 200 m (Ref. 5951). 亞熱帶的; 45°N - 37°S
Western Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to Maine, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern Argentina; apparently rare in the West Indies.
西大西洋: 到美國緬因州與墨西哥灣北部到的加拿大 (參考文獻 5951) 阿根廷北部; 顯然稀有在西印度群島。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 12.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7251); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大體重: 500.00 g (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (總數) : 8; 背的軟條 (總數) : 32; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 28. Body elongate and slightly compressed; posterior edge of upper jaw reaching to below anterior margin of eye; eye large with a well developed adipose eyelid; shallow furrow on upper margin of shoulder girdle; body except for small part behind pectoral fin covered with small cycloid scales; body dark blue dorsally, silver-white ventrally; black blotch on posterior margin of opercle; tip of snout dusky; anterior margin and tip of first dorsal fin dusky, other parts pale; second dorsal fin pale; caudal fin dusky, pectoral and pelvic fins pale (Ref. 13608).
細長的身體與些微扁長形; 延伸到眼的前緣下面的上頜的後緣; 眼大的具有一個發展良好的脂眼瞼; 在肩肢帶骨的上緣上的淺溝; 身體除了被覆蓋著小的圓形鱗片的小的部份在後胸鰭; 身體深藍色背面, 腹面銀白色的; 在鰓蓋的後緣上的黑色的斑塊; 吻尖暗色的; 前緣與第一背鰭的頂端暗色的, 其他部分灰白的; 第二背鰭鰭灰白的; 尾鰭暗色的, 胸鰭與腹鰭灰白的.(參考文獻 13608)
Adults are benthopelagic over continental shelves (Ref. 5217). Rare in oceanic insular areas (Ref. 5217). Juveniles associate with the jellyfish Chrysaora lactea in Southwestern Atlantic. Preyed on by juvenile comb grouper (Mycteroperca acutirostris) when protection given by the jellyfish fails (Ref. 52493). Adults are found often in schools. They feed on small invertebrates. Marketed fresh locally and considered a good food fish (Ref. 9626). In southern Brazil, stocks are found in 147 m deep water (Ref. 47377).
海岸的大洋性與底棲的大陸棚之上.(參考文獻 5217) 稀有的在大洋性的島區域中.(參考文獻 5217) 稚魚在大西洋西南部與水母 Chrysaora lactea 聚集在一起。 被幼年的頭梳被提供藉由水母的保護失敗的鱸科魚類 ( Mycteroperca acutirostris) 捕食了。 (參考文獻 52493) 常形成魚群。 吃小型無脊椎動物。 地方性地在市場上銷售生鮮地而且被認為是一個好食用魚。 (參考文獻 9626) 在巴西南部發現於 147 公尺深。 (參考文獻 47377)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西大西洋: 到美國緬因州與墨西哥灣北部到的加拿大 (參考文獻 5951) 阿根廷北部; 顯然稀有在西印度群島。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 21 August 2012
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9.5 - 27.1, mean 22.5 °C (based on 191 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00857 - 0.01064), b=2.97 (2.94 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.16; tm=2).
Prior r = 0.55, 95% CL = 0.36 - 0.83, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 110 [48, 194] mg/100g; Iron = 1.94 [1.02, 3.58] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [19.1, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.201 [0.116, 0.339] g/100g; Selenium = 16.6 [8.3, 34.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 63.7 [15.9, 264.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.65 [1.07, 2.55] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
