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Holacanthus ciliaris (Linnaeus, 1758)

Queen angelfish
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Holacanthus ciliaris   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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> Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes) > Pomacanthidae (Angelfishes)
Etymology: Holacanthus: Greek, holos = full + Greek, akantha = thorn (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien rifbewoner; standvastig; diepte 1 - 70 m (Ref. 9710). Subtropical; 33°N - 35°S, 99°W - 28°W (Ref. 55265)

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Western Atlantic: Florida, USA and Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Eastern Central Atlantic: St. Paul's Rocks (Ref. 13121).

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm 22.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 4858); common length : 30.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 3797); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 1.6 kg (Ref. 26340)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 14; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 19 - 21; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 20 - 21. Tail and pectoral fins entirely yellow. Black spot on forehead has electric blue spots and is surrounded by narrow, electric blue ring. Large blue spot at base of pectoral fin (Ref. 26938). Adults develop short spines on the margin. The color of large adults is purplish blue with yellow-orange rims to the scales; head above eye dark blue, below greenish yellow; mouth, chin, throat, chest and abdomen purplish blue (Ref. 13442)

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Found on coral reefs. Generally occurs solitarily or in pairs. Moves gracefully between seafans, seawhips, and corals (Ref. 9710). Stomach contents of 26 specimens indicate that the species feeds almost exclusively on sponges supplemented by small amounts of algae, tunicates, hydroids and bryozoans. Young pick ectoparasites from other fishes (Ref. 9710). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3797).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

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Allen, G.R., 1985. Butterfly and angelfishes of the world. Vol. 2. 3rd edit. in English. Mergus Publishers, Melle, Germany. (Ref. 4858)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 08 October 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; Aquarium: Commercieel
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 24.2 - 28, mean 26.7 °C (based on 220 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5078   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03162 (0.01629 - 0.06139), b=2.89 (2.72 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  3.0   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766):   High.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 23.7 [10.8, 43.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.489 [0.281, 0.849] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.146 [0.085, 0.251] g/100g; Selenium = 17.6 [8.3, 37.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 35.8 [8.6, 142.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.792 [0.515, 1.183] mg/100g (wet weight);