分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Percina: Latin, diminutive of perch = perch (Ref. 45335); copelandi: Named after the discoverer of the species, H. E. Copeland (Ref. 10294).
Eponymy: Professor Herbert Edson Copeland (1849–1876) was a zoologist and father of Edwin Bingham Copeland (see above). [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Jordan.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 底中水层性. 溫帶; 46°N - 31°N
North America: wide-ranging but highly localized in St. Lawrence-Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins from southern Quebec in Canada and from Vermont south to northern Louisiana in the USA; and in Mobile Bay, Pascagoula and Pearl River drainages in the USA.
北美洲: 廣泛分佈但是高度地集中在聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區與密西西比河流域從加拿大魁北克南部而且從佛蒙特州南至在美國的路易斯安那北部; 而且在摩比灣，帕斯卡古拉與在美國的珍珠河流域。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.2 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5723)
Inhabit pools and margins of riffles of small to medium rivers over sand or gravel bottoms, and also shores of lakes (Ref. 5723, 10294). Adults feed on midge larvae, with mayfly and young of caddisfly (Ref. 10294). Eggs are found buried in the substrate (Ref. 7043).
栖息于小型到中型河的急流水池与边缘在沙地或砾石上面底部 , 以及湖的海岸。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Eggs are found buried in the substrate (Ref. 7043).北美洲: 廣泛分佈但是高度地集中在聖勞倫斯河-五大湖區與密西西比河流域從加拿大魁北克南部而且從佛蒙特州南至在美國的路易斯安那北部; 而且在摩比灣，帕斯卡古拉與在美國的珍珠河流域。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00575 (0.00268 - 0.01234), b=3.13 (2.95 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Fec=357-721).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
