分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs)
鱸形目 (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches)
鱸科 (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Etheostoma: Greek, etheo = to strain + Greek, stoma = mouth; Rafinesque said "various mouths", but Jordan and Evermann suggest the name might have been intended as "Heterostoma (Ref. 45335); simoterum: simoterum meaning snub-nosed (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Cope.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性. 溫帶; 38°N - 34°N
North America: found only in Cumberland and Tennessee River drainages in Virginia, North Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama, USA.
北美洲: 發現只在維吉尼亞的坎伯蘭河與田納西州河流域，北卡羅萊那州，肯塔基州，田納西州，喬治亞州與阿拉巴馬州中。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.7 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 5.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193)
Inhabits current-swept rocky pools and adjacent riffles of creeks and small to medium rivers (Ref. 5723, 10294); also found in streams (Ref. 10294). Feeds on midge larvae, with mayfly nymphs, caddis larvae, and microcrustacea (Ref. 10294).
棲息於小溪及小型到中型河川的水流沖刷的岩石水池與毗連急流;(參考文獻 5723,10294) 也發現於溪流。 (參考文獻 10294) 吃蚊仔魚, 藉由孚游類蛹，石蠶仔魚與 microcrustacea 。 (參考文獻 10294)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
北美洲: 發現只在維吉尼亞的坎伯蘭河與田納西州河流域，北卡羅萊那州，肯塔基州，田納西州，喬治亞州與阿拉巴馬州中。
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 26 March 2012
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00301 - 0.01516), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
