Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة القاع; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 10 - 20. Temperate; 10°C - 20°C (Ref. 13371); 46°N - 26°N
North America: Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins from western Pennsylvania to Minnesota in the USA, and south to the Gulf of Mexico; Atlantic and Gulf drainages from Rappahannock River in Virginia to Rio Grande in Texas and New Mexico, USA.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 31.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5723); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 1.1 kg (Ref. 4699)
Adults are usually found over mud in vegetated lakes, ponds, swamps and quiet water areas of streams.
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Males guard the eggs for 5 to 6 days (Ref. 93240).
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; الأستزراع المائي: تجاري; لعبة سمكه: نعم
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00892 - 0.02343), b=3.12 (2.99 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
