Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
; zoet water benthopelagisch; pH range: ? - 7.0; dH range: 10 - ?; diepte 0 - 21 m (Ref. 120609). Subtropical; 10°C - 29°C (Ref. 12741); 53°N - 34°N, 104°W - 71°W (Ref. 86798)
North America: St. Lawrence River-Great Lakes, Hudson Bay (Red River), and Mississippi River basins from Quebec to Saskatchewan in Canada, and south to northern Georgia, northern Alabama and Missouri (native only to Meramec River) in the USA (Ref. 86798). Introduced to Europe (Ref. 59043).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 43.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 86798); common length : 15.4 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 12193); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 1.4 kg (Ref. 4699); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 18 Jaren (Ref. 72462)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 10 - 13; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 11 - 13; Anale stekels: 5 - 7; Anale zachte stralen: 9 - 11; Wervels: 29 - 32.
Occurs usually in rocky areas in shallow water of lakes, and the lower, warm reaches of streams (Ref. 1998). Inhabits vegetated and brushy stream margins, pools of creeks and small to medium rivers, and rocky and vegetated margins of lakes (Ref. 86798). Commonly found in clear, silt-free rocky streams (Ref. 86798). Feeds on small crustaceans, insects and fish (Ref. 30578). An introduced species in Europe which avoids swift waters and occurs in a wide variety of slow-flowing to stagnant waters such as large rivers, lakes, ponds, canals and backwaters (Ref. 59043).
The males care about the eggs for about 14 days (Ref. 93240) as well as the young (Ref. 2060). In Europe where it is introduced, males fan and defend the nests, which are shallow depressions in sand or gravel bottom along shallow shores. A male may spawn with several females in one nest and guard the nest until larvae leave the nest (Ref. 59043).
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 2011. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; sportvis: ja; Aquarium: Publieke aquaria
Tools
Speciale rapporten
Download XML
Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.01045 - 0.01588), b=3.09 (3.03 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (tm=2-3; tmax=10; Fec=3,000-11,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
