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Gadiformes (Cods) >
Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Eleginus: Greek, eleginos, -ou = a fish of the Nile (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Walbaum.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; المياه العذبة; مياه مخلوطة القاع; مهاجرة بين الياه الملحه و الحلوة لكن ليس للتزاوج; نطاق العمق 10 - ? m (Ref. 1371). Polar; 74°N - 62°N, 33°E - 83°E (Ref. 1371)
Arctic: White, Barents and Kara seas and from the Kola Bay to the Ob inlet.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 42.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 1371); العمر: 12 سنين (Ref. 72462)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; شوكة شرجية: 0. Lateral line continuous to about the origin of the second dorsal fin. Head with no lateral line pores. Expanded parapophyses swollen and hollow, beginning on about vertebral centrum 5, containing outpouchings of the swim bladder. Brownish dorsally, becoming paler ventrally; with small dark blotches.
Lives in the coastal sublittoral zone of the White Sea and Arctic coasts of Europe where it reflects a broad adaptation to the ecological conditions of the Arctic (Ref. 1371). Found at shallow depths, along shores with soft, muddy bottoms, close to the ice and on the continental shelf (Ref. 1371). Often caught in greatly freshened and at times completely fresh water, entering mouths and tidal zones of rivers and traveling upstream (Ref. 1371). Feeds mainly on crustaceans and worms, but takes small fishes (Ref. 1371). Taxonomic problems to be solved.
Females produce about 6,000-90,000 eggs per year. From the shores, enters river mouths over sandy or rocky bottoms for spawning. Spawning sites are distributed in channels between islands or in depressions between the shore and shallow banks with strong tidal currents.
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): -1.2 - 2, mean 0 °C (based on 80 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00429 - 0.01066), b=3.08 (2.94 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (tm=3-4; Fec=20,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.5 [13.8, 73.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.464 [0.230, 0.997] mg/100g; Protein = 17.4 [16.0, 18.9] %; Omega3 = 0.397 [0.193, 0.852] g/100g; Selenium = 12.7 [4.9, 28.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.1 [3.5, 101.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.435 [0.276, 0.672] mg/100g (wet weight);
