Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) βενθικό(ς); εύρος βάθους 106 - 154 m (Ref. 86730). Subtropical; 41°N - 24°N
Western Atlantic: New Jersey to southern Florida in the USA; more northern records are based on misidentifications. Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951).
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 46.7 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 40865)
Inhabits offshore water (Ref. 7251). Males mature at 19.7 cm TL and females gravid at 22.7 cm TL (Ref. 40865).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: χωρίς ενδιαφέρον
Εργαλεία
Special reports
Download XML
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.5 - 22.2, mean 18 °C (based on 9 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00089 (0.00039 - 0.00204), b=3.00 (2.80 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).