分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 5 - 9 m (Ref. 117245). 温带; 60°N - 30°N, 100°W - 71°W
North America: St. Lawrence-Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and Mississippi River basins.
北美洲: 圣劳伦斯河-五大湖区，哈得逊湾与密西西比河流域。 国际间的买卖限制 ( CITES2, 自从 1.7.75 以后; CMS 附录 2).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 99.7, range 90 - 120 cm
Max length : 274 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 97.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大体重: 125.0 kg (Ref. 3672); 最大年龄: 152 年 (Ref. 72475)
简单描述
检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
Single row of preanal shields. Soft area on the top of the head absent and black viscera. Large blotches present on anterior half of upper surface of snout and on back. Lower surface whitish (Ref. 37032). Anal fin origin behind dorsal fin origin; scutes on back and along side same color as skin (Ref. 86798).
单列的肛前甲。 在头部的顶端上的软的区域不存在与黑色的内脏。 大的斑块位于吻的前半部上表皮之上与背面。 下表面微白色的.(参考文献 37032)
Inhabits bottom of lakes and large rivers (Ref. 10294), usually in 5-9 m depth, over mud, sand, and gravel. Occasionally enters brackish water. A specimen caught in 1952 was reputed to have been 152 years old (Ref. 6866). Search for food, with the aid of the sensory ability of the barbels, by constantly moving close to the substrate. Omnivorous, virtually anything edible that enters the mouth is sucked up and consumed. The food is worked or pulled in the mouth, often partly ejected and sucked in again (Ref. 1998). Spawning sites are rocky and boulder filled areas along the outside bend of rivers (Ref. 41542). In the 1800s, it was extensively exploited for oil to fire boilers on steamboats, animal feed and fertilizer. Later is was high-valued as smoked, caviar and isinglass (Ref. 117245). In 1951, Canada, 2,000 lbs. of caviar were made from the eggs (Ref. 37032). It continous to be an important source of food for Indigenous people in North America (Ref. 117245). Threatened due to over harvesting, habitat loss and pollution (Ref. 58490).
栖息于湖与大河的底部, 通常在 5-9 公尺深,在泥，沙子与砾石之上。 偶然地进入半淡咸水。 在一件标本捕获的 1952 是相传曾经 152 岁.(参考文献 6866) 寻找食物，与触须的知觉能力的帮助，利用在接近底部处不断地移动。 杂食性, 事实上进入嘴巴的任何可吃的东西被吸取消耗。 食物被工作或者吸引了嘴巴, 时常部分再一次吐出与吸入.(参考文献 1998) 产卵区是多岩石与卵石的区域沿着河的外湾。 (参考文献 41542) 烟熏了而且在 1951 年在加拿大，鱼子酱的 2,000个磅被做从卵。 (参考文献 37032)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Spawning sites are rocky and boulder filled areas along the outside bend of rivers (Ref. 41542).北美洲: 圣劳伦斯河-五大湖区，哈得逊湾与密西西比河流域。 国际间的买卖限制 ( CITES2, 自从 1.7.75 以后; CMS 附录 2).
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
濒危 (EN) (A2bcd); Date assessed: 14 September 2019
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 养殖: 实验的; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00263 (0.00205 - 0.00337), b=3.19 (3.14 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.49 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (tm=16-26; tmax=152; K=0.04; Fec=50,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (86 of 100).
