分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Issue
This species is considered as a junior synonym of Mobula mobular according to Last et al., 2016 (Ref. 114953) and White et al., 2017 (Ref. 115945:13). The species page will be removed,.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 647 m (Ref. 106604), usually 0 - 200 m (Ref. 89423). 亞熱帶的; 40°N - 30°S
Indo-Pacific: off South Africa, the Arabian Sea eastward to the Hawaiian Islands and Polynesia. Eastern Pacific: on the continental coast. Eastern Atlantic: Côte d'Ivoire but may probably be more wide-ranging. This has to be critically compared with Mobula mobular of the Mediterranean Sea and nominally elsewhere in the North Atlantic.
印度-太平洋: 南非外海, 阿拉伯海向東至夏威夷群島與玻利尼西亞。 東太平洋: 在大陸沿岸上。 西大西洋: 象牙海岸但是可能可能更廣泛分佈。 這必須嚴格地被與地中海的 Mobula mobular 相較與有名無實地在北大西洋中的別地方。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 217.8, range 204 - ? cm
Max length : 310 cm WD 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 50641); 240.0 cm WD (female); common length : 225 cm WD 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9256)
Dark blue to black above, white below. Inner surface of cephalic fins silver grey with black tip, outer surface and side behind eye white (Ref. 11228). Shared characters between M. rancureli and Mobula japanica: teeth, placoid scales, and branchial filter morphologies, morphometrics, presence of tail spine, distinctive shape and coloration of dorsal fin, and general shape of body and coloration (Ref. 50641).
背面深藍色到黑色的, 腹面白色的。 頭部鰭的內面銀色的灰色有黑色的頂端，外部的表面與眼睛後側白色.(參考文獻 11228) 分享了在 M. rancureli 與 Mobula japanica 之間的特徵: 齒，盾鱗與鰓的過濾器形態學 , morphometrics, 有背鰭的尾部棘，特殊的形狀與顏色 , 與身體與顏色的一般形狀。 (參考文獻 50641)
Found inshore, possibly in oceanic waters (Ref. 9911). Pelagic (Ref. 58302). Occurs singly or in groups (Ref. 9911). Feeds mainly on euphausiids (mainly Nictiphanes simplex), and to a lesser extent on copepods and crustacean larvae. May also feed on small fishes. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Acoustic tracks record the species to spend time above the thermocline at night to feed on krill (H. Dewar, pers.comm. 05/2000). Very common by-catch of the gillnet fisheries targeting skpjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis). Utilized for its gill filter plates (very high value), meat, cartilage and skin (Ref.58048).
發現於岸邊., 可能地在大洋性水域中.(參考文獻 9911) 大洋性.(參考文獻 58302) 各別地生存或成群.(參考文獻 9911) 主要吃磷蝦 (主要地 Nictiphanes 單工 ), 與少部分的橈腳類的動物與甲殼類幼生。 可能也吃小魚。 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 聽覺的軌道記錄此魚種度過在溫水層上面的時間在晚上覓食磷蝦 (H. 杜瓦， pers.comm。 05/2000).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). With one in a litter (Ref. 12951). Size at birth 85-92 cm WD (Ref. 12951, Ref.58048).印度-太平洋: 南非外海, 阿拉伯海向東至夏威夷群島與玻利尼西亞。 東太平洋: 在大陸沿岸上。 西大西洋: 象牙海岸但是可能可能更廣泛分佈。 這必須嚴格地被與地中海的 Mobula mobular 相較與有名無實地在北大西洋中的別地方。
Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
近危 (NT) ; Date assessed: 31 January 2006
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.5 - 29, mean 27.4 °C (based on 5840 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.43 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 9.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Fec=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 2.5 [0.3, 39.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.39 [0.03, 4.65] mg/100g; Protein = 21.4 [16.2, 26.7] %; Omega3 = 0.111 [0.035, 0.336] g/100g; Selenium = 28.3 [5.3, 165.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.7 [0.8, 119.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.322 [0.021, 3.683] mg/100g (wet weight);
