Classification / Names आम नाम | उपशब्द | Catalog of Fishes(वर्ग, प्रजाति) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Mugiliformes (Mullets) > Mugilidae (Mullets)
Etymology: Chelon: Greek, chelone = turtle (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Risso.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री; स्वच्छ जल, अलवण जल; खारा; कैटाड़रोमस (Ref. 51243); गहराई सीमा 10 - 20 m (Ref. 7399). Temperate; 64°N - 20°N, 26°W - 42°E

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Eastern Atlantic: Scotland to Cape Verde; in the Mediterranean and Black Sea. Also in coastal waters from southern Norway to Morocco, rare off Mauritania (Ref. 3573). Records from the lagoon of Accra are probably misidentifications.

Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: L_m 34.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 61.0 cm FL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 117745); common length : 30.0 cm SL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 7399); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 2.5 kg (Ref. 117745)

Short description पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 5; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 7 - 9; गुदा कांटा: 3. Longer pectoral fins, lack of black spot at the pectoral fin base. Golden spot present in gill cover (Ref. 35388).

Adults are neritic usually in schools, entering lagoons and lower estuaries (Ref. 7399); rarely entering freshwater (Ref. 3573, 59043). Juveniles move to coastal lagoons and estuaries in winter and especially in spring (Ref. 59043). They feed on small benthic organisms, detritus, and occasionally on insects and plankton (Ref. 2804). Juveniles feed only on zooplankton (Ref. 59043). Reproduction takes place in the sea, from July to November. Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Minimum size allowed for fishing is 20 cm. The quality of the flesh is variable (Ref. 30578).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

Juveniles move to coastal lagoons and estuaries in winter and especially in spring (Ref. 59043).

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक : Harrison, Ian | सहयोगीयो

Thomson, J.M., 1986. Mugilidae. p. 344-349. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels, MRAC; Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3573)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 January 2008

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक; जलीयकृषि: व्यापारिक

FAO - मात्स्यिकी: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 9.7 - 20.7, mean 11.9 °C (based on 344 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00856 - 0.01223), b=2.95 (2.92 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 2.8 ±0.33 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 5.5 (3.7 - 6.9) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 31 growth studies.

लौटाव (Ref. 120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (K=0.14-0.34; tm=3-4; Fec>10,000).

Prior r = 0.77, 95% CL = 0.51 - 1.16, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 15.9 [5.1, 136.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.255 [0.151, 0.421] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.9, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 1.21 [0.47, 3.11] g/100g; Selenium = 2.88 [1.17, 7.25] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.9 [3.4, 52.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.478 [0.334, 0.670] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

Chelon auratus (Risso, 1810)