分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers)
笛鯛科 (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 3 - 150 m (Ref. 9773). 熱帶; 35°N - 31°S, 31°E - 145°W (Ref. 55)
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Tahiti, north to southern Japan, south to Australia.
印度-太平洋: 東非到大溪地島, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 37 - ? cm
Max length : 81.1 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 132181); common length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5450); 最大體重: 11.0 kg (Ref. 9710)
背棘 (總數) : 10; 背的軟條 (總數) : 15 - 16; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body very deep, greatest depth 2.1-2.4 in SL; lips greatly thickened in adults; preopercular notch and knob moderately developed; vomerine tooth patch crescentic, without a medial posterior extension; tongue smooth, no teeth; gill rakers of first gill arch 6 + 11-12 =17-18; caudal fin truncate or slightly emarginate. Colour generally brown with a reddish tinge; each scale on side with a pale
brown border and 2-3 small bluish white spots in central portion; head with numerous undulating blue lines; lips tan; fins largely yellowish to dusky grey-brown; juveniles with a series of 3-8 brown bars on sides and a chalky white spot, with a broad blackish margin, present below anterior soft dorsal-fin rays at level of lateral line, preceded by similar-sized black spot on middle of side (Ref. 9821, 90102).
頭部的背面輪廓非常陡峭, 眶前骨寬的, 大約兩倍於眼睛直徑。 前鰓蓋骨凹槽與癤瘤適度發展的。 鱗片列背面斜向上升在側線上面。 頭部有很多的波浪形的藍色線。 稚魚有在側邊與一個灰白色的斑點上的一系列的 3 到 8條褐色橫帶,具有一個寬的黑色邊緣, 在前面的軟背鰭鰭條之下呈現。 大的成魚褐色的到灰色的具有在頭部上的白色小斑點與細紋.(參考文獻 48635)
Occasionally encountered in coral reefs or shallow inshore flats (Ref. 30573). Found singly or in small groups (up to 15 to 20 individuals). Adults on deep coastal slopes; juveniles on shallow algae-reef flats, often near freshwater run-offs (Ref. 48635). Feed on fishes, cephalopods and benthic crustaceans (Ref. 30573). An excellent food fish. In Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253). Caught with handlines, traps, and gill nets, occasionally trawled; important to artisanal fisheries and marketed mostly fresh (Ref. 9821). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 57178.
偶然地在珊瑚礁或沿岸淺水平台中見到了。 (參考文獻 30573) 各別地或形成小群魚群 (向上到 15個到 20 個體) 發現。 成魚在深的海岸斜坡上; 稚魚在水淺的藻類礁石平台上, 時常在淡水的溢流附近.(參考文獻 48635) 吃魚，頭足類動物與底棲的甲殼動物。 (參考文獻 30573) 一個優良的食用魚。 在香港活魚販售。 (參考文獻 27253)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 東非到大溪地島, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲。
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 05 March 2015
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.5 - 28.2, mean 26.5 °C (based on 353 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.00893 - 0.02686), b=3.02 (2.88 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.51 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.22).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (62 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 24.1 [15.5, 34.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.291 [0.189, 0.438] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.2, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.131 [0.093, 0.177] g/100g; Selenium = 74.5 [51.6, 106.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 110 [21, 389] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.367 [0.300, 0.499] mg/100g (wet weight);
