Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển; Thuộc về nước lợ; Mức độ sâu 1 - 50 m (Ref. 189). Tropical; 10°N - 27°S, 61°W - 37°W (Ref. 189)
Western Atlantic: Orinoco River mouth, Venezuela and the Guianas south to Rio Ribeiro do Iguape, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 9.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 5217); common length : 7.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 5217)
Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 0; Tia cứng vây hậu môn: 0; Tia mềm vây hậu môn: 15 - 17. Snout short, about 1/2 eye diameter and projecting only slightly beyond lower jaw; maxilla short, tip bluntly rounded, failing to reach pre-operculum by about 1/2 pupil diameter; lower jaw longer than upper, its symphysis almost at tip of snout. Gill cover canals of panamensis-type. Anal fin origin below last part of dorsal fin base. Stripe about 3/4 eye diameter over anal fin (Ref. 188).
Occurs in coastal waters, but also in estuaries and into almost freshwater. Ripe or almost ripe individuals were caught in March and May.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Chín muồi sinh dục | Sự tái sinh sản | Đẻ trứng | Các trứng | Sự sinh sản | Ấu trùng
Spawn in school (Ref. 205).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 27 - 27.9, mean 27.5 °C (based on 78 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00525 (0.00250 - 0.01100), b=3.13 (2.95 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Chiêù cao, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là dưới 15 tháng (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).