Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री ड़िमरसल; गैर प्रवासी; गहराई सीमा 150 - 1000 m (Ref. 54594), usually 350 - 500 m (Ref. 54594). Temperate; 79°N - 29°N, 65°W - 44°E (Ref. 54594)
Northeast Atlantic: Southwestern Barents Sea, sometimes north to Spitsbergen, southeastern Greenland, southern coast of Iceland, around the British Isles and south to Morocco and into the western Mediterranean. Northwest Atlantic: Newfoundland.
Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm 86.5 range ? - 88 cm
Max length : 155 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 1371); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 30.0 kg (Ref. 35388); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 20 वर्षो (Ref. 1371)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 0; गुदा कांटा: 0; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 70 - 81. Lower jaw longer than upper jaw; barbel shorter than eye diameter. Back gray-brown, grading to white ventrally. Posterior portions of vertical fins dark with pale margins.
Found mostly from 350-500 m depth on muddy bottoms. Feed on crustaceans and fish (flatfishes, gobies, rocklings) (Ref. 1371).
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक
साधन
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.1 - 14.1, mean 6.3 °C (based on 199 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00302 (0.00169 - 0.00538), b=3.03 (2.87 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): निम्न, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 4.5 - 14 वर्ष। (K=0.13-0.16; tm=8-11; tmax=20).
Prior r = 0.31, 95% CL = 0.20 - 0.46, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.4 [8.1, 35.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.278 [0.142, 0.592] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.8, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.381 [0.204, 0.707] g/100g; Selenium = 29.8 [15.2, 59.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.9 [2.7, 40.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.305 [0.198, 0.473] mg/100g (wet weight);
