分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 3 - 150 m (Ref. 9824). 熱帶; 32°N - 32°S, 26°E - 138°W
Indo-Pacific: throughout the Indian Ocean, including the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf to Hawaiian, Marquesas, and Society islands, north to southern Japan, south to Lord Howe Island. Record from the eastern Mediterranean incorrect (Ref. 9824).
印度-太平洋: 在印度洋, 包括紅海與波斯灣到夏威夷語，馬貴斯群島與社會群島, 各處北至日本南部, 南至羅得豪島; 在密克羅尼西亞各處。 記錄從地中海東部不正確的.(參考文獻 9824)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 39.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3322)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 84 - 97; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 61 - 73. Eyed side with dark spots, blotches and rings on body and median fins; 1 distinct dark blotch on middle of straight section of lateral line; narrow dark crossbars on eyed side of pectorals (Ref. 4417). Pectoral rays 9-12 (eyed side) and 9-11 (blind side).
在身體與中央的鰭上有眼睛的一邊具有深色斑點，斑塊與環; 在側線的直部分的中央上的 1個明顯的黑色斑塊; 在胸鰭的有眼睛的一邊上的狹窄的黑交叉的條紋.(參考文獻 4417) 胸鰭鰭條 9-12(有眼睛的一邊) 與 9-11(沒有眼睛的一邊).
Inhabits sandy or silty sand, and muddy bottoms of inner reef flats and seaward reefs; juveniles frequently found in tide pools (Ref. 9824, 48637). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on benthic animals (Ref. 5213). Utilized as a food fish (Ref. 4537) and processed into fish meal (Ref. 9824).
棲息於沙的或泥沙 , 與礁石平臺內側與臨海礁石的泥底部; 稚魚時常發現於潮池了。 (參考文獻 9824) 吃底棲的動物。 (參考文獻 5213) 作為食用魚 (參考文獻 4537) 而且加工成魚粉.(參考文獻 9824)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 在印度洋, 包括紅海與波斯灣到夏威夷語，馬貴斯群島與社會群島, 各處北至日本南部, 南至羅得豪島; 在密克羅尼西亞各處。 記錄從地中海東部不正確的.(參考文獻 9824)
Hensley, D.A., 1986. Bothidae. p. 854-863. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4417)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 03 March 2015
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
工具
特別的報告
下載 XML
網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.6 - 28.3, mean 25.1 °C (based on 608 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00474 - 0.01676), b=3.11 (2.95 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Prior r = 0.25, 95% CL = 0.17 - 0.38, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 40 [16, 81] mg/100g; Iron = 0.462 [0.219, 0.857] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.6, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.0809 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 41.3 [21.5, 84.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 63.4 [16.2, 259.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.993 [0.659, 1.434] mg/100g (wet weight);
