Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển gần đáy; không di cư; Mức độ sâu 1 - 22 m (Ref. 89891). Tropical; 30°N - 24°N, 98°W - 80°W
Western Central Atlantic: southern Florida to Louisiana in the USA. Also in eastern Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 26938).
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 7251); common length : 20.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 3815)
Usually has dark spot (larger than pupil) on lateral line just behind gill opening.
Occurs in sea grass beds from near shore to at least 22 m. Small individuals have been known to form small aggregations. Feeds primarily on invertebrates. Marketed mostly fresh and frozen (Ref. 9739).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Chín muồi sinh dục | Sự tái sinh sản | Đẻ trứng | Các trứng | Sự sinh sản | Ấu trùng
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: Tính thương mại; mồi: occasionally
Các công cụ
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 26.7, mean 24.7 °C (based on 121 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02291 (0.01064 - 0.04934), b=2.95 (2.78 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Trung bình, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 1.4 - 4.4 năm (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 193 [96, 355] mg/100g; Iron = 1.2 [0.6, 2.4] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.2, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.185 [0.106, 0.336] g/100g; Selenium = 37.4 [17.9, 78.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.7 [5.0, 62.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.16 [0.76, 1.73] mg/100g (wet weight);