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Teleostei >
Characiformes (Characins) >
Serrasalmidae (Piranhas and pacus) > Serrasalminae
Etymology: Serrasalmus: Latin, serran, serranus, saw and a fish of genus Serranus + Latin, salmo = salmon (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Issue
See Géry (1972: 227) and Merckx, Jégu & Santos (2000: 185) for detailed description. See
Jégu & Keith (1999) and Machado-Allison & Fink (1996:58) for detailed distribution. See Nico & Taphorn (1998: 316) for food habits.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性; pH range: 5.8 - 7.0; dH range: ? - 10. 熱帶; 23°C - 27°C (Ref. 1672)
South America: Amazon and Orinoco River basins, north and eastern Guiana Shield rivers, and northeastern Brazilian coastal rivers.
南美洲: 亞馬遜河與奧里諾科河河流域, 北方與東方的圭亞那遮蔽河 , 與巴西東北部沿海的河川。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 41.5 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 36224); 最大體重: 3.8 kg (Ref. 121466)
Occurs in the rapids but is also captured in deep zones of main rivers with the use of fish bait. Is essentially a carnivore, feeds on small fish, crabs, mammals, lizards and coleopteran insects. Its opportunistic behavior allows it to adapt to various biotopes (Ref. 12225). It is timid and not aggressive but it possesses powerful dentition that can cause serious bites, and is therefore, potentially dangerous. Import is prohibited in some areas. However, the incorporation of this species in fish-based house security systems has been proposed (see Ref. 9506).
出現於急流但是也在主要河川藉著使用魚誘餌的深區域被捕獲。 一個食肉動物實質上是, 吃小魚，螃蟹，哺乳動物，蜥蜴與鞘翅目昆蟲。 它的隨機行為讓它適應各種不同的生存環境。 (參考文獻 12225) 它是膽小的而不是侵略性但是它持有能引起嚴重的咬的有力的牙齒, 與是因此, 可能危險。 進口在一些地區被禁止。 然而，以魚為基礎的房子安全制度的這種的結合已經被提議。 (見參考文獻 9506)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
南美洲: 亞馬遜河與奧里諾科河河流域, 北方與東方的圭亞那遮蔽河 , 與巴西東北部沿海的河川。
Jégu, M., 2003. Serrasalminae (Pacus and piranhas). p. 182-196. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 39031)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) (Least Concern); Date assessed: 22 December 2020
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00826 - 0.02010), b=3.19 (3.06 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
