分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods) >
Gadidae (Cods and haddocks)
Etymology: Trisopterus: Greek, tris = thrice + Greek, pteron = wing, fin (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Lauritz Martin Esmark (1806–1884) was a Norwegian zoologist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 底中水层性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 50 - 300 m (Ref. 54932), usually 100 - 200 m (Ref. 54932). 溫帶; 79°N - 48°N, 27°W - 30°E (Ref. 54932)
Northeast Atlantic: southwest Barents Sea, sometimes at Bear Island, south to the English Channel, - and the Bay of Biscaye (Ref. 90172)-, around Iceland and Faeroe Islands.
東北大西洋: 西南的巴倫支海, 有時在有島, 南至在冰島周圍的英倫海峽而在法羅群島。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 14.0, range 11 - 15 cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1371); common length : 19.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4645); 最大年龄: 5 年 (Ref. 273)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0. Gray-brown dorsally, silvery on sides, white on belly. A dark blotch is at the upper edge of the pectoral-fin base.
灰褐色背面, 银色的在侧边上, 在腹面上的白色。 一个黑色斑块在胸鳍基底的上缘。
Benthopelagic to pelagic over muddy bottoms. Mostly found between 100 and 200 m. Feeds mostly on planktonic crustaceans (copepods, euphausiids, shrimps, amphipods) but also on small fish and various eggs and larvae (Ref. 1371). Caught mainly for reduction to fishmeal (Ref. 3383), trout pellets, fodder (Ref. 35388).
底栖大洋性到大洋性在泥沙底上面。 大部份发现在 100 与 200 公尺之间了。 大部份捕食浮游性甲壳动物 (桡脚类的动物，磷虾，虾, 片脚类动物) 也捕食小鱼与各种不同的卵与仔鱼.(参考文献 1371) 因为制造鱼粉 (参考文献 3383) ，鳟鱼丸，饲料，主要地捕捉了。 (参考文献 35388)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous, sexes are separate (Ref. 205). Migrates for spawning between the Shetland Islands and Norway and out of the Skagerrak. Major spawning grounds are Northwestern Scotland, Norway, Faeroe Islands and Iceland.東北大西洋: 西南的巴倫支海, 有時在有島, 南至在冰島周圍的英倫海峽而在法羅群島。
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 5.9 - 10.1, mean 7.8 °C (based on 185 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00603 (0.00527 - 0.00689), b=3.06 (3.02 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.36; tm=2.3; tmax=5; Fec=27,000).
Prior r = 0.50, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.75, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 73.1 [20.9, 258.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.802 [0.170, 3.524] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [15.4, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.627 [0.304, 1.293] g/100g; Selenium = 17.5 [8.3, 34.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.5 [6.3, 108.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.25 [0.31, 3.42] mg/100g (wet weight);
