Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; brackish; reef-associated; depth range 1 - 171 m (Ref. 9710). Subtropical; 37°N - 9°N, 98°W - 59°W
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to Venezuela, including the Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico and the Antilles. Probably occurring around Trinidad (Ref. 5217). Rare around islands (Ref. 51183).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5217); common length : 22.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5217); max. published weight: 275.00 g (Ref. 5217)
Dorsal spines (total): 8; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13; Anal soft rays: 11. Caudal fin has 3 dark vertical bars. Long filament on nostril. Fleshy tentacle above eye. No other searobin has filaments on the nostril and fleshy tentacles above the eye (Ref. 26938)
Found from bays and estuaries to the mid-shelf.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.4 - 27.8, mean 25.8 °C (based on 368 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00525 (0.00223 - 0.01237), b=3.13 (2.92 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 42.9 [16.4, 101.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.659 [0.327, 1.382] mg/100g; Protein = 17.5 [15.1, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.249 [0.104, 0.710] g/100g; Selenium = 19.3 [7.9, 46.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 90.9 [29.1, 295.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.927 [0.564, 1.439] mg/100g (wet weight);
