Teleostei (teleosts) >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Pleuronichthyinae
Etymology: Pleuronichthys: Greek, pleura = side, ribe Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; brackish; demersal. Subtropical
Northwest Pacific: Japan Arch. (southward from southern Hokkaido), Korean Peninsula, China and Taiwan; including offshore waters of the Bohai, Yellow and East China Seas; latitudinal range extending from Peter the Great Bay (northern limit) to Hong Kong.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Short description
Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Dorsal soft rays (total): 71 - 83; Anal soft rays: 50 - 62; Vertebrae: 36 - 39. This species is distinguished by the following characters: scale length (trunk area) less than 1.23% of SL, the whole scale outline fan-shaped, exposed margin rhombic; scales non-deciduous, longitudinal and vertical scale rows essentially regular; upper eye area usually less than lower eye area, area ratio 0.70–1.08; central longitudinal scales 88-105, scales below lateral line 59-74, abdominal vertebrae 12-14 (usually 13) (Ref. 126213).
Occurs mainly on sandy bottoms in shallow coastal waters (relatively dominant over P. cornutus in Tokyo and Ise Bays, and the Seto Inland, Ariake and Yatsushiro Seas. Probably have some tolerance for reduced salinity forit is reported to be occasionally occurring in river estuaries in China and Korea and brackish waters in Japan (Ref. 126213).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Yokogawa, K., K.-I. Watanabe and G. Ogihara, 2016. Redescriptions of two closely related East Asian flatfish species of the genus Pleuronichthys. Zootaxa 4205(1):1-23. (Ref. 126213)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = No PD50 data [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01660 (0.00676 - 0.04074), b=3.01 (2.80 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (25 of 100).
