Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Rajidae (Skates)
Eponymy: Dr Marinus Boeseman (1916–2006) was a Dutch ichthyologist, working in the Department of Zoology, Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Histoire, Leiden, becoming Curator of Fishes (1947–1981). [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 20 - 175 m (Ref. 106604). Tropical
Northwest Pacific; Korea to Vietnam, including Taiwan and southern Japan.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 55.0 cm male/unsexed; (Ref. 9908)
Occur in the sublittoral zone, 70-90 m on sandy mud bottoms (Ref. 11230). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules measure 6.1 cm long and 3.7 cm wide (Ref. 41249). Utilization details sketchy (Ref. 9908). Very rarely caught by demersal longline fisheries off Java. Utilized for its meat (Ref.58048).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Oviparous (Ref. 9908). Paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.5 - 27.2, mean 24.7 °C (based on 98 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00302 (0.00141 - 0.00645), b=3.24 (3.07 - 3.41), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).