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Centrophorus granulosus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
Gulper shark
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Centrophorus granulosus AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
Senegal country information
Common names:
[No common name]
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sg.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.refer.sn/sngal_ct/eco/oeps/
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Compagno, L.J.V., 1984
National Database:
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sg.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.refer.sn/sngal_ct/eco/oeps/
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Compagno, L.J.V., 1984
National Database:
Common names from other countries
分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii 板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) > Squaliformes (Sleeper and dogfish sharks) 角鯊目 (Sleeper and dogfish sharks) > Centrophoridae (Gulper sharks) 刺鯊科 (Gulper sharks)
Etymology: Centrophorus: centr[um] (L.), prickle or sharp point; phorus, from phoreus (Gr.), bearer or carrier, referring to grooved spines on dorsal fins (See ETYFish); granulosus: granum (L.), seed or grain; -osus, Latin suffix connoting fullness, referring to its granular brown skin (See ETYFish).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Etymology: Centrophorus: centr[um] (L.), prickle or sharp point; phorus, from phoreus (Gr.), bearer or carrier, referring to grooved spines on dorsal fins (See ETYFish); granulosus: granum (L.), seed or grain; -osus, Latin suffix connoting fullness, referring to its granular brown skin (See ETYFish).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學
海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 98 - 1700 m (Ref. 94782), usually 200 - 600 m (Ref. 247). 深水域; 58°N - 43°S, 98°W - 156°E
分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri
Circumglobal: all ocean basins except in the Eastern Pacific and in the Mediterranean.
東大西洋: 法國到南非, 包括地中海.(參考文獻 31367) 中西大西洋: 墨西哥灣北部.(參考文獻 247,6871) 印度洋: 莫三比克, 南非與亞達伯拉島;(參考文獻 31367) 西澳大利亞.(參考文獻 6871) 西太平洋: 日本，巴布亞新幾內亞與澳洲.(參考文獻 31367)
東大西洋: 法國到南非, 包括地中海.(參考文獻 31367) 中西大西洋: 墨西哥灣北部.(參考文獻 247,6871) 印度洋: 莫三比克, 南非與亞達伯拉島;(參考文獻 31367) 西澳大利亞.(參考文獻 6871) 西太平洋: 日本，巴布亞新幾內亞與澳洲.(參考文獻 31367)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
脊椎骨: 106 - 115. This species is distinguished by the following characters: large (>1.5 m maximum total length); body moderately robust; head moderately long (20.6-24.9% TL, 3.9-4.9 times in total length) and very robust; snout relatively short, horizontal preorbital length 4.8-8.1% TL, moderately rounded in dorsal view; first dorsal fin low and long, its height 4.4-6.5% TL, its soft length 11.0-16.6% TL), inner margin very long which is more than length from insertion of exposed spine to fin insertion; second dorsal fin large, similar in heigfree rear tip varying from slightly elongate in small individuals with free rear tip extension 0.9-2.2% TL in individuals < 70.0 cm TL, to moderately elongate in adults, 1.9-4.1% TL; lateral trunk denticles elevated on low, broad pedicel with strongly tricuspidate crowns in juveniles < 70.0 cm TL; denticles of large individuals low, not on pedicels, crown tear-drop shaped with one long posterior cusp; upper teeth of juveniles < 50.0 cm TL are strongly oblique; upper teeth of individuals > 70.0 cm TL with erect to slightly oblique cusps; lower teeth of all sizes are much larger than upper teeth, strongly oblique, blade-like; total vertebral centra 106-115; teeth 30-37/27-32; body uniformly brownish (sometimes greyish to greyish brown), slightly paler ventrally (Ref. 94782).
背部淺灰褐色, 腹側灰白的; 眼呈綠色的.(參考文獻 6871) 成魚有背鰭頂端暗色的, 不有顯著的斑塊.(參考文獻 31367)
背部淺灰褐色, 腹側灰白的; 眼呈綠色的.(參考文獻 6871) 成魚有背鰭頂端暗色的, 不有顯著的斑塊.(參考文獻 31367)
A common deepwater dogfish of the outer continental shelves and upper slopes, commonest below 200 m (Ref. 247); usually benthic and epibenthic at depths from 50-1440 m with most records from 200-600 m (Compagno, pers. comm. 07/07). Solitary (Ref. 26340). Adults feed mainly on bony fishes such as hake, epigonids, lanternfish, herring, smelts, cods, rattails, squid and crustaceans (Ref. 247, IUCN workshop 07/07). Males mature at about 105-118 cm TL (Ref. 94782). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). This species is fished in Eastern Atlantic by bottom trawls, long lines, fixed bottom nets, hook and line and pelagic trawls; caught and discarded, or utilised from by-catch fisheries (IUCN discussion 07/07). Marketed smoked and dried salted for human consumption; also processed into fishmeal and a source of liver oil for squalene (Ref. 247).
一種常見的大陸棚外緣與上層斜坡的深水狗鯊, 普通的在 200 公尺之下;(參考文獻 247) 通常底棲與淺海底棲在深度從 50-1440 公尺以大部分來自 200-600 公尺的紀錄 (Compagno ， pers. comm。 07/07). 獨居性.(參考文獻 26340) 主要吃硬骨魚類例如鱈魚， epigonids ，燈籠魚，鯡魚，胡瓜魚，鱈魚，鼠尾魚，烏賊與甲殼動物。 (參考文獻 247, IUCN 工作室 07/07) 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 在市場上銷售煙燻與乾燥鹽醃供人類消費; 對於 squalene 也加工成魚粉與一個肝油的來源。 (參考文獻 247) 胎窩的數字記錄, 一個在地中海的雌性, 與可能地對於此魚種的 1 或 2。 雄性仍然不成熟在 45-58 公分, 完全在 80-94 公分, 在 60-80 公分 DW 建議成熟; 雌性不成熟的在 42-96 公分，這種被底拖網，延繩釣被捕於東大西洋, 固定的底部網，一支釣與大洋性拖網; 捕捉而且丟棄, 或從誤捕漁場 (IUCN 討論 07/07) 利用。
一種常見的大陸棚外緣與上層斜坡的深水狗鯊, 普通的在 200 公尺之下;(參考文獻 247) 通常底棲與淺海底棲在深度從 50-1440 公尺以大部分來自 200-600 公尺的紀錄 (Compagno ， pers. comm。 07/07). 獨居性.(參考文獻 26340) 主要吃硬骨魚類例如鱈魚， epigonids ，燈籠魚，鯡魚，胡瓜魚，鱈魚，鼠尾魚，烏賊與甲殼動物。 (參考文獻 247, IUCN 工作室 07/07) 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 在市場上銷售煙燻與乾燥鹽醃供人類消費; 對於 squalene 也加工成魚粉與一個肝油的來源。 (參考文獻 247) 胎窩的數字記錄, 一個在地中海的雌性, 與可能地對於此魚種的 1 或 2。 雄性仍然不成熟在 45-58 公分, 完全在 80-94 公分, 在 60-80 公分 DW 建議成熟; 雌性不成熟的在 42-96 公分，這種被底拖網，延繩釣被捕於東大西洋, 固定的底部網，一支釣與大洋性拖網; 捕捉而且丟棄, 或從誤捕漁場 (IUCN 討論 07/07) 利用。
Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Ovoviviparous, embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Young are born from 30 to 42 cm or more (Ref. 247). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).東大西洋: 法國到南非, 包括地中海.(參考文獻 31367) 中西大西洋: 墨西哥灣北部.(參考文獻 247,6871) 印度洋: 莫三比克, 南非與亞達伯拉島;(參考文獻 31367) 西澳大利亞.(參考文獻 6871) 西太平洋: 日本，巴布亞新幾內亞與澳洲.(參考文獻 31367)
主要參考資料
Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | 合作者
White, W.T., D.A. Ebert, G.J.P. Naylor, H.-H. Ho, P. Clerkin, A. Veríssimo and C.F. Cotton, 2013. Revision of the genus Centrophorus (Squaliformes: Centrophoridae): Part 1 -Redescription of Centrophorus granulosus (Bloch & Schneider), a senior synonym of C. acus and C. niaukang Teng. Zootaxa 3752(1):035-072. (Ref. 94782)
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漁業: 低經濟
FAO(漁業: 產生, 魚種描繪; publication : search) | FishSource | 周邊海洋
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Physiology
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耗氧量
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遺傳學
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7.7 - 17.3, mean 11.4 (based on 1031 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00200 (0.00159 - 0.00251), b=3.21 (3.14 - 3.28), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278): 4.1 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).