(كوسه ها و سپرماهيان) (sharks and rays) >
Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) >
Carcharhinidae (Requiem sharks)
Etymology: Scoliodon: scolio-, from skolios (Gr.), oblique; odon (Gr.), tooth, referring to oblique teeth pointing towards sides of mouth (See ETYFish); laticaudus: latus (L.), wide or broad; cauda (L.), tail, allusion not explained, perhaps referring to width of upper caudal-fin lobe (See ETYFish).
More on authors: Müller & Henle.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي; لب شور نزديك كف زي; هردو رو (Ref. 51243); تغييرات عمق 10 - 13 m. Tropical; 26°C - 29°C (Ref. 4959); 34°N - 26°S, 32°E - 130°E
Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf (Ref. 68964), Somalia (Ref. 30573), Tanzania, Mozambique (Ref. 5213), Pakistan to Java in Indonesia; then Japan, China, and Taiwan. Reported from Australia (Ref. 4959).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 38.3, range 33 - 76.5 cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5450); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 6 سال ها (Ref. 244)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0. Bronze grey above, white below, fins sometimes darker than body; no conspicuous markings (Ref. 9997).
Found on rocky substrates of coastal waters and lower reaches of tropical rivers (Ref. 244). It is uncertain, however, if this species can live in perfectly fresh water for extended periods (Ref. 244). Forms large schools (Ref. 244). Adults feed on small bony fishes, shrimps and cuttlefish (Ref. 244). Viviparous (Ref. 50449). Common by-catch of the inshore demersal gillnet fisheries, particularly those operating off Kalimantan (Ref.58048). Utilized fresh for human consumption; processed into fishmeal and used as bait for other sharks and bony fishes (Ref. 244). Maximum sizes up to 120 cm unconfirmed (Ref. 244).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Viviparous, with an unusual columnar placenta (Ref. 244). Maternal and foetal placenta comprises the entire placenta (Ref. 39556). Transplacental nutrient transfer may be hemotrophic (Ref. 39556). Litter size varies from 1 (Ref. 58048) to 14 (Ref. 9997). Size at birth about 13 to 15 cm TL (Ref. 9997). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; طعمه: usually
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.3 - 29, mean 28.5 °C (based on 1946 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00407 (0.00337 - 0.00493), b=3.03 (2.98 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): خیلی آهسته, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت بيش از 14 سال (K=0.88; tm=2; tmax=6; Fec=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 45 [6, 245] mg/100g; Iron = 0.903 [0.233, 2.570] mg/100g; Protein = 21.2 [18.9, 23.4] %; Omega3 = 0.174 [0.064, 0.437] g/100g; Selenium = 31.8 [6.9, 94.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.81 [3.51, 21.02] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.932 [0.431, 1.731] mg/100g (wet weight);
