Classification / Names
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Cyprinodontiformes (Rivulines, killifishes and live bearers) >
Poeciliidae (Poeciliids) > Poeciliinae
Etymology: Phalloceros: Greek, phallos = penis + Greek, keras = horn (Ref. 45335); elachistos: Specific name from the Greek elachis, small, short, little, plus the superlative ending -istos. Elachistos meaning the least, which alludes to the small size of the specimens. An adjective, gender masculine.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; pelagic. Tropical
South America: Brazil: Drainages of rio Doce, Santa Maria da Vitória, Jucu, and Timbuí, coastal drainages of Espírito Santo State of Brazil.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 2.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 76852); 2.8 cm SL (female)
Short description
Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Dorsal soft rays (total): 7 - 9; Anal soft rays: 8 - 11; Vertebrae: 31 - 33. Can be separated from Phalloceros anisophallos, Phalloceros megapolos, Phalloceros spiloura, Phalloceros reisi, Phalloceros buckupi, Phalloceros alessandrae, Phalloceros lucenorum, Phalloceros uai, Phalloceros pellos, and Phalloceros malabarbai by the female urogenital papilla straight along midline and located between the anus and the base of first anal-fin ray (vs. curved to the right, located laterally; border of the anal aperture in contact with the first anal-fin ray). Differs from Phalloceros tupinamba, Phalloceros leptokeras, and Phalloceros aspilos by the female urogenital papilla straight along midline (vs. slightly left turned); absence of a lateral ramus of the female urogenital papilla (vs. lateral ramus present); and small and simple hook in gonopodial appendix (vs. large sickle like hook). Can be distinguished from Phalloceros caudimaculatus, Phalloceros heptaktinos, Phalloceros ocellatus, Phalloceros mikrommatos, and Phalloceros leticiae by the possession of a hook in the gonopodial appendix (vs. hook absent). Readily distinguished from Phalloceros titthos by the absence of symphyseal papillae on mandible of largefemales (vs. symphyseal papillae present); and from Phalloceros enneaktinos by the possession of seven or eight dorsal-fin rays (vs. nine). Distinguished from P. harpagos by the hook of gonopodial appendix, which is very small in adults, forming a minute lateral protuberance (vs. not forming a lateral protuberance). In juveniles hook (usually) is absent or (rarely) minuscule. When present in juveniles hook never situated on the appendix corner (vs. present and located on the appendix corner). Juveniles never present skin covering the tip of appendix (vs. skin present). Distal half of appendix approximately as wide as (or slightly narrower than) proximal half (vs. narrower than proximal half) (Ref. 76852).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Lucinda, P.H.F., 2008. Systematics and biogeography of the genus Phalloceros Eigenmann, 1907 (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae: Poeciliinae), with the description of twenty-one new species. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 6(2):113-158. (Ref. 76852)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00374 - 0.01935), b=3.14 (2.95 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
