Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي نزديك كف زي; تغييرات عمق 0 - 200 m (Ref. 2850). Subtropical; 58°N - 26°N, 137°W - 112°W
Eastern Pacific: Sitka, southeastern Alaska to Punta Abrejos, central Baja California, Mexico.
Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 99.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 2850); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 14.0 kg (Ref. 27436); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 13 سال ها (Ref. 56049)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 8 - 12; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 15 - 18; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 0; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 11 - 13; مهره ها: 35. Caudal fin barely rounded.
Inhabits rocky, sandy and muddy bottoms as well as kelp beds (Ref. 4925). Adults and juveniles feed on crustaceans, fishes and mollusks (Ref. 6885). Commonly captured by sport fishers (from shore, boats or piers) and by scuba divers (Ref. 2850). Flesh is good eating but eggs are poisonous and will make humans violently ill (Ref. 13513).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري; ماهي ها ي سرگرم كننده: بله; آكواريوم: آکواریوم عمومی
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.5 - 11.6, mean 8.9 °C (based on 40 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.47 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (tm=3; tmax=13; K=0.3, Fec=40,000-90,000).
Prior r = 0.33, 95% CL = 0.22 - 0.50, Based on 4 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 75.8 [30.9, 167.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.974 [0.431, 2.041] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.2, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.314 [0.140, 0.892] g/100g; Selenium = 48.9 [24.8, 117.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.13 [2.10, 17.38] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.592 [0.387, 0.936] mg/100g (wet weight);
