Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina; sötvatten; brackvatten. Subtropical; 45°N - 25°N, 20°W - 45°E
Eastern Atlantic: coasts of Spain and Morocco including Madeira and the Canary Islands. Also in the western Mediterranean, Adriatic Sea and Black Sea.
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5980); common length : 15.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5980)
Short description
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Total scales in midlateral series 59-65. Anal fin with 10-12 1/2 rays (Ref. 59043).
Littoral, often near shore. Gregarious, sometimes occurs in marine lagoons (France) and estuaries (Portugal). Feed on pelagic copepods and benthic crustaceans (Ref. 5980).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Maugé, L.A., 1990. Atherinidae. p. 604-605. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4499)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiellt viktig
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.1 - 21.1, mean 19 °C (based on 523 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00550 (0.00431 - 0.00701), b=3.08 (3.01 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.33 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 130 [79, 276] mg/100g; Iron = 1.31 [0.75, 2.20] mg/100g; Protein = 20.8 [19.3, 22.2] %; Omega3 = 0.379 [0.190, 0.732] g/100g; Selenium = 11.5 [5.3, 25.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.7 [8.7, 69.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.45 [1.02, 2.08] mg/100g (wet weight);