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Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822)

Hilsa shad
إضافة ملاحظاتك Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Tenualosa ilisha   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
ارفع صور و مقاطع فيديو
Pictures | Stamps, coins, misc. | صور قوقل
Image of Tenualosa ilisha (Hilsa shad)
Tenualosa ilisha
Picture by Randall, J.E.

التصنيف / Names الأسماء الشائعة | مرادفات | Catalog of Fishes(جنس, الانواع) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Tenualosa: Latin, tenuis = thin + Latin, alausa = a fish cited by Ausonius and Latin, halec = pickle, dealing with the Greek word hals = salt; it is also the old Saxon name for shad = "alli" ; 1591 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Hamilton.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range البيئة

بحري; المياه العذبة; مياه مخلوطة; أسماك صاعدة (Ref. 127664); نطاق العمق ? - 200 m. Tropical; 34°N - 5°N, 42°E - 97°E (Ref. 188)

التوزيع دول | مناطق الفاو | النظام البيئي | الظهور | Point map | مقدمة | Faunafri

Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf eastward to Myanmar, including western and eastern coasts of India. Reported from the Gulf of Tonkin, Viet Nam (Ref. 9706). Reported in Tigris River basin and probably other rivers of southern Iran (Ref. 39702).

Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر

Maturity: Lm 31.3, range 18 - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 188); common length : 36.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 4832); common length :42 cm TL (female); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 680.00 g (Ref. 4832); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 680.00 g; العمر: 5 سنين (Ref. 43871)

وصف مختصر مفاتيح التعريف | الوصف الخارجي | قياسات المظهر الخارجي

الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 18 - 21; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 18 - 23. Belly with 30 to 33 scutes. Distinct median notch in upper jaw. Gill rakers fine and numerous, about 100 to 250 on lower part of arch. Fins hyaline. A dark blotch behind gill opening, followed by a series of small spots along flank in juveniles. Color in life, silver shot with gold and purple.

أحياء     المصطلحات (على سبيل المثال epibenthic)

Schooling in coastal waters and ascending rivers for as much as 1200 km (usually 50-100 km). Migration though is sometimes restricted by barrages. Hilsa far up the Ganges and other large rivers seem to be permanent river populations. Feeds on plankton, mainly by filtering, but apparently also by grubbing on muddy bottoms. Breeds mainly in rivers during the southwest monsoon (also from January to February to March). Artificial propagation has been partially successful in India (Ref. 4832). Known to be a fast swimmer, covering 71 km in one day (Ref. 12203). Marketed fresh or dried-salted.

Life cycle and mating behavior النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae

Breeds mainly in rivers, upstream to about 50 km or even over 1000 km as in the Ganges (younger fishes may breed in the tidal zone of rivers). In some rivers the migration is restricted by barrages; there is some evidence that hilsa far up the Ganges and other large rivers, although migrating upstream to spawn, are permanent river populations that do not descend to the sea. The main breeding season is during the southwest monsoon, with a shorter season from January to February or March.

المرجع الرئيسي Upload your references | مراجع | المنظم | المتعاونين

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 January 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

خطر للأنسان

  Harmless





استخدامات بشرية

مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً; الأستزراع المائي: التجريبي
FAO - مصائد: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | البحر حولنا

مزيد من المعلومات

Trophic ecology
عناصر الغذاء
التركيبة الغذائية
استهلاك الأغذية
Food rations
مفتريسات
Ecology
البيئة
Population dynamics
معاملات النمو
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
الطول- الترددات
Mass conversion
توظيف
الوفرة
Life cycle
التكاثر
النضج
Maturity/Gills rel.
الخصوبة
وضع البيض
Spawning aggregations
بيض
تطور البيضة
Larvae
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جيني
Heterozygosity
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References
مراجع

أدوات

تقارير خاصة

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مصادر علي الأنترنت

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | البحث في مراقبي الأسماك | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: جنس, الانواع | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - مصائد: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: الوراثة, نيوكلوتيدة | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | شجرة الحياة | Wikipedia: ذهب, بحث | World Records Freshwater Fishing | سجلات علم الحيوانات

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 21.3 - 28, mean 24.7 °C (based on 224 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5312   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00790 - 0.01006), b=3.05 (3.02 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref. 69278):  2.9   ±0.29 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref. 120179):  وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (K=0.3-1.2; tmax=5; tm=2; Fec=220,000).
Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.89, Based on 4 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (84 of 100).
فئة السعر (Ref. 80766):   High.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 67.3 [52.4, 88.0] mg/100g; Iron = 2.07 [1.20, 3.36] mg/100g; Protein = 17 [16, 18] %; Omega3 = 0.619 [0.299, 1.262] g/100g; Selenium = 55 [24, 131] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.3 [5.8, 45.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.09 [0.70, 1.79] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.