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Teleostei (teleosts) > Perciformes/Scorpaenoidei (Scorpionfishes) > Platycephalidae (Flatheads)
More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; non-migratory. Tropical

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Indo-West Pacific: Bombay, India to Singapore, Gulf of Thailand, North Borneo, Indonesia.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 48635); common length : 15.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9790)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 8 - 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 12; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 11 - 13. Row of papillae, often 7-9, on upper surface of eye, middle one elongate. Base of lower opercular spine concealed by scales. Anterior 2-21 lateral line scales bearing a small spine. Iris lappet crenate.

Ranges from muddy substrates in estuaries to deep offshore (Ref. 48635). Probably associated with aquatic vegetation at shallow depths (Ref. 9790).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Knapp, L.W., 1999. Platycephalidae. Flatheads. p. 2385-2421. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9790)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 June 2017

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: of no interest

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 27.1 - 29.1, mean 28.4 °C (based on 1388 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00230 - 0.00908), b=3.09 (2.91 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.9 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resilience (Ref. 120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).

Sunagocia carbunculus (Valenciennes, 1833)