Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά); Υφάλμυρο Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους 1 - 70 m (Ref. 9313). Subtropical; 36°N - 4°N, 90°W - 77°W (Ref. 55)
Eastern Pacific: southern California, USA to Panama; rare north of Baja California, Mexico. There are unsubstantiated reports of this species from localities as far south as northern Peru.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 91.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 2850); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 9.3 kg (Ref. 40637)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 10; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 13 - 14; Εδρικές άκανθες: 3; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 7 - 8. Preopercular notch and knob weak. Body and fins mostly red; sometimes with a blue streak under the eye. Young specimens are barred.
Adults inhabit inshore reef areas over hard bottoms. Generally solitary (Ref. 9313). Juveniles are sometimes encountered in shallow coastal waters and estuaries (Ref. 9313). Carnivorous, feed on invertebrates and fishes (Ref. 9313). Marketed fresh or frozen (Ref. 9313).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); αλιεία αναψυχής: ναί
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.2 - 29, mean 27.7 °C (based on 28 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00725 - 0.01904), b=2.95 (2.82 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Χαμηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 4,5 - 14 έτη (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.5 [7.5, 25.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.286 [0.170, 0.511] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [17.7, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.176 [0.105, 0.300] g/100g; Selenium = 33.1 [16.6, 63.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.8 [9.0, 255.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.36 [0.26, 0.56] mg/100g (wet weight);