分類 / Names
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Teleostei >
Perciformes/Zoarcoidei (Eelpouts and pricklebacks) >
Lumpenidae (Eel pricklebacks)
Etymology: Lumpenus: Latin, lumpus, an uncouthlooking spiny-finned fish of a leaden-blue colour (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Walbaum.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 非遷移的 (Ref. 88171); 深度上下限 30 - 373 m (Ref. 58426), usually 40 - 100 m (Ref. 51666). 溫帶; 8°C - 14°C (Ref. 89228); 80°N - 41°N, 71°W - 55°E
North Atlantic: Spitsbergen southward to Scandinavian coasts, North Sea, southern part of the Baltic, the Faroes, Iceland and south-eastern coasts of Greenland. Elsewhere, western coasts of Greenland; also, Labrador and Newfoundland to Massachusetts Bay (subspecies Lumpenus lumpretaeformis serpentinus Storer, Ref. 51666).
北大西洋: 斯匹次卑爾根群島向南至北歐海岸，北海，波羅的海的南部，法羅, 冰島與格陵蘭，其他地方的東南方海岸，格陵蘭的西海岸; 同時, 到麻薩諸塞州海灣 (亞種 Lumpenus lumpretaeformis serpentinus Storer) 的拉布拉多與紐芬蘭.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 20.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 35388)
Elongated, eel-like fish with a pointed caudal fin. A single dorsal fin extends almost throughout the entire length of the body. The anal fin covers about two-thirds of the total length. Pale brown dorsally, becoming bluish on the sides, and greenish-yellow ventrally. There are numerous irregular brown patches on the body (Ref. 35388).
色彩黃褐色的有很多的褐色區塊.(參考文獻 35388)
A benthic species (Ref. 58426), living in Y-shaped tubes in the mud in 50-200 m depth (Ref. 35388). The burrows are believed to be used for parental care of the eggs (Ref. 80819) . Feeds on small crustaceans, mollusks, brittle stars and worms (Ref. 5204). Matures at 3 years with about 20 cm length. Spawning takes place in December - January, 1,000 eggs are laid on the sea floor, in deep water (Ref. 35388). Isolated population in the Baltic Sea is probably a relict from the last ice age (Ref. 35388) that reached the Baltic Sea during the early saltwater stage of the sea (Ref. 82152; 82153).
在 50-200 公尺深中的泥中生活在 Y 形的管。 (參考文獻 35388) 底棲的.(參考文獻 58426) 吃小型甲殼動物，軟體動物，海星與蠕蟲。 (參考文獻 5204) 在 3 年有大約 20 公分長度時成熟。 產卵發生於十二月 -一月, 1,000個卵在海洋底部上生產。 從最後的冰河紀可能是一個殘餘倖存者的在波羅的海中孤立的族群.(參考文獻 35388)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
北大西洋: 斯匹次卑爾根群島向南至北歐海岸，北海，波羅的海的南部，法羅, 冰島與格陵蘭，其他地方的東南方海岸，格陵蘭的西海岸; 同時, 到麻薩諸塞州海灣 (亞種 Lumpenus lumpretaeformis serpentinus Storer) 的拉布拉多與紐芬蘭.
Wheeler, A., 1992. A list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 41(suppl.A):1-37. (Ref. 5204)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.4 - 8.5, mean 3.1 °C (based on 420 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00129 (0.00050 - 0.00329), b=2.99 (2.77 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.48 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.20; tmax=9;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 36.8 [21.4, 62.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.32 [0.19, 0.54] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [16.4, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.439 [0.247, 0.728] g/100g; Selenium = 19.1 [10.2, 35.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.9 [3.9, 41.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.527 [0.387, 0.735] mg/100g (wet weight);
