Elasmobranchii (haaien en roggen) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Dasyatidae (Stingrays) > Urogymninae
Etymology: Himantura: Greek, iman, imantos = thong, strap + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Blyth.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien; brak water demersaal; amfidroom (Ref. 51243). Tropical
Indian Ocean: India, Sri Lanka, and Myanmar. May venture into Indonesian waters; possibly off Mozambique (Ref. 9840).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 179 cm WD mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9840)
Occurs in inshore waters and estuaries. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. i-liv + 1-541, 1 map (Ref. 4832)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van minder commercieel belang
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Estimates based on models
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00486 - 0.02155), b=3.06 (2.87 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).