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Siluriformes (Catfishes) >
Ariidae (Sea catfishes) > Ariinae
Etymology: Arius: Greek, arios, areios = dealing with Mars, warlike, bellicose (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; air tawar; payau dasar (demersal); potamodromous (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 50 - 100 m (Ref. 28016). Tropical; 33°N - 4°S
Indo-West Pacific: off the west and east coast of India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar to the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819) and the Indo-Australian Archipelago (excluding Australia). Known from the Mekong Delta (Ref. 12693).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?, range 38 - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 11441); common length : 30.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3290)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 1; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 7; Sirip dubur lunak: 16 - 30. Head shield somewhat rugose; deep and long median fontanelle groove.
Adults occurs in inshore waters and estuaries. Occasionally form schools. Feed on invertebrates and small fishes. Males incubate eggs in the mouth (Ref. 205). Caught mainly with set bag nets and bamboo stake traps. Marketed fresh (Ref. 3290). Air bladders are exported as isinglass used by the wine industry (Ref. 43081). Strong venomous dorsal and pectoral spines provide protection for the fish (Ref. 43081).
Males incubate eggs in buccal cavity. During incubation, males starve which sometimes make them resort to swallowing one or two eggs probably to maintain basal metabolism (Ref. 43081). Early hatching embryos commence feeding on inhaled particles by the female when still in possession of large yolk.
Kailola, P.J., 1999. Ariidae (=Tachysuridae): sea catfishes (fork-tailed catfishes). p. 1827-1879. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 38478)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Traumatogenic (Ref. 58010)
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.5 - 28.2, mean 26.4 °C (based on 130 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00586 - 0.01421), b=3.06 (2.93 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.46 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (tmax=7).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 153 [36, 364] mg/100g; Iron = 1.11 [0.72, 1.91] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [15.9, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.274 [0.153, 0.495] g/100g; Selenium = 75.9 [39.8, 145.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.6 [4.7, 23.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.14 [0.49, 6.58] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
