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Teleostei (teleosts) > Anabantiformes (Gouramies, snakeheads) > Osphronemidae (Gouramies) > Macropodusinae
Etymology: Betta: Malay/Javanese origin. Bleeker (1850, 1858) indicates Ikan Wadder Bettah as the local name of Betta trifasciata Bleeker, 1849 (now Betta picta, Valenciennes, 1846) in the Ambarawa Javanese dialect. Ikan Wader is a common Javanese name for smaller freshwater fishes, especially cyprinids (already used in Old Javanese). See Blust, R. & Trussel, S. Austronesian Comparative Dictionary. Web Edition (https://www.trussel2.com/acd/).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Freshwater; benthopelagic. Tropical

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Asia: restricted to northeastern Borneo in Sabah and East Kalimantan.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 8.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 56613)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0 - 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 7 - 8; Anal spines: 1 - 2; Anal soft rays: 28 - 30; Vertebrae: 33 - 34. Differs from other members of the Betta unimaculata species group by the following combination of characters: distinct black spot near caudal peduncle; body wormish; opercle blue; uniform caudal fin coloration; vertebrae 33-34 (mode 33); anal-fin rays 30-31 (mode 30); dorsal-fin rays 8; pectoral fin rays 12-13 (mode 13); subdorsal scales 5-5 1/2 (mode 5 1/2); lateral scales 32-34 (mode 33); predorsal scales 24; predorsal length 68.8-71.9% SL; head length 31.4-33.3% SL; length of anal-fin base 52.2-54.5% SL; length of dorsal-fin base 10.5-11.3% SL; lower jaw length 27.3-33.1% HL (Ref. 56613).

Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Inhabit more slow flowing areas of the headwater habitats (Ref. 34011). Found usually in ravines and isolated elevated pools. An adult and several juveniles are usually encountered in submerged leaf litter. Adults may take cover under floating leaves and are excellent jumpers, which may explain their presence in isolated elevated pools (Ref. 56613). Feed mainly on terrestrial insects and occasionally on aquatic invertebrates (Ref. 56613).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Tan, H.H. and P.K.L. Ng, 2005. The fighting fishes (Teleostei: Osphronemidae: Genus Betta) of Singapore, Malaysia and Brunei. Raffles Bull. Zool. Supplement (13):43-99. (Ref. 56613)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 28 December 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00377 - 0.02651), b=2.97 (2.74 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resilience (Ref. 120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).

Betta ocellata de Beaufort, 1933