Teleostei (teleosts) >
Perciformes/Notothenioidei (Icefishes) >
Harpagiferidae (Spiny plunderfishes)
Etymology: Harpagifer: Greek, arpagifer, grappling hook, robbery, voracoius (Ref. 45335); palliolatus: Latin word palliolat a thorny shrub, recognition of several conspicuous spines (Ref. 11892).
More on author: Richardson.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 0 - 22 m (Ref. 11892). Temperate
Southwest Atlantic: endemic to the Falkland Islands.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 9.3 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 11892)
Common in the littoral zone, under rocks, but may occur to depths of 40-50 m (Ref. 5191). Accorded full species recognition because of the presence of tubular cephalic pores and a single knob bearing a tentacle above each eye, thus setting it apart from the other species (Ref. 5191). Feed on small crustaceans and common in littoral of all sub-Antarctic islands (Ref. 42041).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Hureau, J.-C., 1990. Harpagiferidae. p. 357-363. In O. Gon and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Fishes of the Southern Ocean. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. 462 p. (Ref. 5191)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00525 (0.00206 - 0.01336), b=3.10 (2.88 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
