Teleostei (teleosts) >
Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) >
Grammistidae (Soapfishes)
Etymology: Pseudogramma: Greek, pseudes = false + Greek, gramma = letter, signal (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Charles Marcus Breder Jr (1897–1983) was an experimental and behavioural ichthyologist whose doctorate was honorary, awarded by the University of Newark (1938). [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated. Subtropical
Distribution
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Indo-Pacific with a disjunct east-west distribution, also antitropical except in the Marquesas. Southwestern Indian Ocean population currently known only from Agalega Islands, Mauritius and Reunion. Central Pacific population present from Ogasawara, Johnston, Hawaii, Marquesas, Australs, Tonga and Vanuatu.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 6.8 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 116906)
Short description
Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Dorsal spines (total): 7; Dorsal soft rays (total): 20 - 21; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 16 - 18; Vertebrae: 26. This species is distinguished by the following characters: modally 21 segmented dorsal-fin rays; modally 17 segmented anal fin rays; with a relatively long LL (1.6-1.9, mean = 1.8) in SL; relatively well-developed scalation on the interorbital, suborbital and dentary; head length 2.4-2.7 in SL, peduncle depth 3.2-4.0 in HL (Ref. 116906)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Williams, J.T. and J. Viviani, 2016. <>iPseudogramma polyacantha complex (Serranidae, tribe Grammistini): DNA barcoding results lead to the discovery of three cryptic species, including two new species from French Polynesia. Zootaxa 4111(3):246-260. (Ref. 116906)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00427 (0.00166 - 0.01096), b=3.17 (2.94 - 3.40), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
